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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bestei, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰh₂-é-ti. Cognate with Latvian best, Lithuanian bèsti, Old Prussian embaddusisi. Further related to Latin fodiō (“to pierce, to dig”), Hittite 𒁁𒁕𒀀𒄿 (“to dig”).
Verb
*bostì[1][2]
- to stab, sting
Conjugation
Conjugation of *bosti, *bode, *bodetь (?, -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *bodenьje
|
*bosti
|
*bostъ
|
*bodlъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*bodenъ
|
*bodomъ
|
| Active
|
*bodъ
|
*body
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*bod(ox)ъ |
*bode |
*bode
|
*bodǫ |
*bodeši |
*bodetь
|
| Dual
|
*bod(ox)ově |
*bod(e/os)ta |
*bod(e/os)te
|
*bodevě |
*bodeta |
*bodete
|
| Plural
|
*bod(ox)omъ |
*bod(e/os)te |
*bodǫ, *bodošę
|
*bodemъ |
*bodete |
*bodǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*boděaxъ |
*boděaše |
*boděaše
|
— |
*bodi |
*bodi
|
| Dual
|
*boděaxově |
*boděašeta |
*boděašete
|
*boděvě |
*boděta |
—
|
| Plural
|
*boděaxomъ |
*boděašete |
*boděaxǫ
|
*boděmъ |
*boděte |
—
|
Conjugation of *bosti, *bode, *bodetь (?, -C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *bodenьje
|
*bosti
|
*bostъ
|
*bodlъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*bodenъ
|
*bodomъ
|
| Active
|
*bodъ
|
*body
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*basъ |
*bode |
*bode
|
*bodǫ |
*bodeši |
*bodetь
|
| Dual
|
*basově |
*basta |
*baste
|
*bodevě |
*bodeta |
*bodete
|
| Plural
|
*basomъ |
*baste |
*basę
|
*bodemъ |
*bodete |
*bodǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*boděaxъ |
*boděaše |
*boděaše
|
— |
*bodi |
*bodi
|
| Dual
|
*boděaxově |
*boděašeta |
*boděašete
|
*boděvě |
*boděta |
—
|
| Plural
|
*boděaxomъ |
*boděašete |
*boděaxǫ
|
*boděmъ |
*boděte |
—
|
- *badati (“to prick”)
- *bodati (“to stab, sting”)
- *bodьcati (“to often lightly poke”)
- *bodьcь (“pricker, poniard”)
- *bodьlivъ (“pointy, prickly”)
- *bodli
- *bodъ (“puncture, stitch”)
- *bodъľь (“needle”)
- *body (“harpoon, trident”)
- *bodylъ (“thorn, prickle”)
- *boďati
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: бость (bostʹ) (Smolensk), бости́ (bostí) (Kaliningrad Oblast)
- Ukrainian: бости́ (bostý)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: бости (bosti)
- Bulgarian: бода́ (bodá)
- Macedonian: боде (bode)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: бо̏сти
- Latin script: bȍsti
- Slovene: bósti (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: bósti
- Old Polish: bóść
- Pomeranian:
- Polabian: büst
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: bosć
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бода́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bosti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 222
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “бода, бодвам, бодна”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 61
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bostì”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 88: “v. (c) ‘stab, sting’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “bosti: bodǫ bodetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c støde (PR 139)”