Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/klęti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Disputed:

Possibly reanalyzed from a nasal infix present *kl̥-né-h₁-ti ~ *kl̥-n-h₁-énti of Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to call, to evoke”).
Alternatively, has been compared with *kloniti (“to lean on”), presumably in reference to the curtsey that people used to give during oath. For similar semantic association, see synonym *prisęga, literally meaning “reaching out”.

Verb

*klęti^[1]^[2]

to swear, to give an oath
to curse, to execrate

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

nouns

*klętьnikъ
*klętva

adjectives

*klętъ

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: клясці́ (kljascí)
- Russian: клясть (kljastʹ)
- Ukrainian: кля́сти́ (kljástý)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: клѧти (klęti)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰽⰾⱔⱅⰻ (klęti)
- Bulgarian: кълна́ (kǎlná)
- Macedonian: колне (kolne)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: кле̑ти
  
  Latin script: klȇti
- Slovene: kléti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: kléti
  - Czech: klít
- Polabian: klanĕ (3sg.)
- Old Polish: kląć
  - Polish: kląć
- Old Slovak:
  - Pannonian Rusyn: кляц (kljac)
  - Slovak: kliať
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: kleć
  - Lower Sorbian: klěś

References

^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “klęti: klьnǫ klьnetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c bande, sværge (SA 203; PR 139)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “kleti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *klęti̋, sed. *klь̏nǫ”

Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*klęti, *klьnǫ (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 37
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кляну”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “кълна”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 191

[1] Olander, Thomas (2001) “klęti: klьnǫ klьnetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c bande, sværge (SA 203; PR 139)”

[2] Snoj, Marko (2016) “kleti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *klęti̋, sed. *klь̏nǫ”

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