Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sǫdъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sámdas, from Proto-Indo-European *som-dʰh₁-os, from *som- + *dʰeh₁- + *-os. Cognate with Lithuanian samdà (“rent”), Sanskrit सन्धि (sandhí, “connection, treaty, peace”). See *sǫdì (“judge”).

Noun

*sǫ̃dъ m[1]

  1. court of law
  2. trial
  3. verdict, judgment

Inflection

Declension of *sǫ̃dъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *sǫ̃dъ *sǭdà *sǭdì
genitive *sǭdà *sǭdù *sǫ̃dъ
dative *sǭdù *sǭdòma *sǭdòmъ
accusative *sǫ̃dъ *sǭdà *sǭdỳ
instrumental *sǭdъ̀mь, *sǭdòmь* *sǭdòma *sǫ̃dy
locative *sǭdě̀ *sǭdù *sǫ̃děxъ
vocative *sǫde *sǭdà *sǭdì

* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: сѫдъ (sǫdŭ), судъ (sudŭ)
      • Old Ruthenian: судъ (sud)
      • Russian: суд (sud) (see there for further descendants)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: сѫдъ (sǫdŭ)
      Glagolitic script: ⱄⱘⰴⱏ (sǫdŭ)
    • Bulgarian: съд (sǎd), сънт (sǎnt) (dialectal)
    • Macedonian: суд (sud)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: су̑д
      Latin script: sȗd
      • Chakavian (Vrgada): sũd
      • Chakavian (Orbanići): sũt
    • Slovene: sọ́d (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: súd
    • Old Polish: sąd (“court”)
    • Old Slovak: súd
    • Pomeranian:
      • Kashubian: sąd
      • Slovincian: sõd
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: sud
      • Lower Sorbian: sud
  • Non-Slavic:

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “суд”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “суд”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 216
  • Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “суд”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sǫ́dъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 463
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