Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sobaka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Early Proto-Slavic *sabā́ˀkāˀ. Borrowed from Middle Iranian dialectal *sabā́ka-, from Proto-Medo-Parthian *spā́kəh, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *cwā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ. Cognate with Old Median σπάκα (spáka), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬐𐬀 (spaka, “dog-like”), 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬥 (span, “dog”), Talysh sıpə (“dog”), Sanskrit श्वन् (śván, “dog”), Sanskrit शुनक (śunaka), Old Armenian ասպակ (aspak, “dog”).

Noun

*sobàka f[1]

  1. (East Slavic) dog

Declension

Declension of *sobàka (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *sobàka *sobacě *sobaky
genitive *sobaky *sobaku *sobakъ
dative *sobacě *sobakama *sobakamъ
accusative *sobakǫ *sobacě *sobaky
instrumental *sobakojǫ, *sobakǫ** *sobakama *sobakami
locative *sobacě *sobaku *sobakasъ, *sobakaxъ*
vocative *sobàko *sobacě *sobaky

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

References

  1. ^ UW1, page 190: “*sabā̱͘ kā͘ «sobaka»”
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