Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stožěrъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

*stožarъ

Etymology

From *stogъ (“stack”) +‎ *-ěrъ. Most likely a descendant of Proto-Indo-European *stogʰ-^[1] > Ancient Greek στόχος (stókhos, “brick pillar”), Lithuanian stãgaras (“dry stalk”) convoluted with Proto-Indo-European *stegʷʰ- (“encircling”) > Ancient Greek στέφω (stéphō, “to encircle”). Vasmer points an origin from *(s)teg- (“to cover”)^[2] which also gave Proto-Germanic *stakô (“stake”), Latin toga. This derivation, however, conflicts with Winter's law. According to Trubachyov, the lemma and its derivatives ultimately come from *stojati (“to stand”).

Noun

*stožěrъ m

pivotal stake

Declension

Declension of *stožěrъ (hard o-stem)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*stožěrъ	*stožěra	*stožěri
genitive	*stožěra	*stožěru	*stožěrъ
dative	*stožěru	*stožěroma	*stožěromъ
accusative	*stožěrъ	*stožěra	*stožěry
instrumental	stožěrъmь, stožěromь^*	*stožěroma	*stožěry
locative	*stožěrě	*stožěru	*stožěrěxъ
vocative	*stožěre	*stožěra	*stožěri

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Related terms

*stogъ (“stack”)
*stěgъ (“flag”)
*stožьkъ (“conus”) (late derivative)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: стожаръ (stožarŭ), стъжаръ (stŭžarŭ)
  - Old Ruthenian: стежаръ (stežar), щежеръ (ščežer)
    - Belarusian: стажа́р (stažár)
    - Ukrainian: сто́жар (stóžar)
- Russian: стожа́р (stožár), стожа́рь (stožárʹ), стежер (stežer)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: стожѣръ (stožěrŭ), стежеръ (stežerŭ)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⱄⱅⱁⰶⱑⱃⱏ (stožěrŭ)
- Bulgarian: сто́жер (stóžer), сто́жар (stóžar), сте́жар (stéžar)
- Macedonian: стожер (stožer), стежер (stežer)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: сто̏же̄р
  
  Latin script: stȍžēr
- Slovene: stožér, stožêr, stežér
West Slavic:
- Czech: stožár
- Old Polish: ścieżeje
- Slovak: stožiar
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: sćažor
  - Upper Sorbian: sćežor

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*stogъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 468
^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “стог”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*stogъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 468

[2] Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “стог”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

[1]

[2]