Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/trava

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Balto-Slavic *trāˀwā́ˀ, of uncertain origin, with no analogues outside of Slavic. Apparently related to Proto-Slavic *traviti (“to chew, to gnaw, to poison”), however, not certain in what manner.

Possibly from the same root as Proto-Slavic *tryti (“to rub, to crush”), Proto-Slavic *truti (“to consume, to poison”), which are believed to continue Proto-Indo-European *trewH-. For similar vṛddhi-like construction, compare Proto-Slavic *slava (“fame”) from Proto-Slavic *sluti (“to utter”). If correct, then likely akin to Ancient Greek τρῡ́ω (trū́ō, “to exhaust”),[1] Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”), Ancient Greek τρώγω (trṓgō, “to chew, to gnaw”), and Proto-Germanic *þrēaną (“to twist, to throw”).

See *traviti for further discussion.

Noun

*trāvà f[1][2][3]

  1. grass

Alternative forms

Inflection

Declension of *trāvà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *trāvà *trãvě *trāvỳ
genitive *trāvỳ *trāvù *trãvъ
dative *trāvě̀ *trāvàma *trāvàmъ
accusative *trāvǫ̀ *trãvě *trāvỳ
instrumental *trāvòjǫ, *trãvǫ** *trāvàma *trāvàmī
locative *trāvě̀ *trāvù *trāvàsъ, *trāvàxъ*
vocative *travo *trãvě *trāvỳ

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

  • *otrova (“poison”)
  • *travьňь (“May, April”)
  • *trьvati (“to lose, to get rid of”) (possibly)
  • *troviti, *traviti (“to poison”)
  • *truti (“to consume, to poison”) (possibly)
  • *tryti (“to rub, to crush”) (possibly)

Descendants

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “трава”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*trāvà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 496: “f. ā (b) 'grass'”
  2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “trava travy”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 156; PR 135)”
  3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “tráva”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*trava̋”
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