Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/apa
Proto-Turkic
Etymology 1
The sense of ‘father’ in DLT is may be Tibetan.
Noun
*apa (Common Turkic)
- paternal elder female relative; father's sister; elder sister of a male, etc.
- Synonym: *küküy
- Antonym: *yurč (“maternal younger male relative; younger brother of a female”)
Declension
| singular | plural 2) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | *apa | *apalar |
| accusative | ||
| genitive | *apanïŋ | *apalarnïŋ |
| dative | *apaka | *apalarka |
| locative | *apada | *apalarda |
| ablative | *apadan | *apalardan |
| instrumental 1) | *apalarïn | |
| equative 1) | *apača | *apalarča |
1) The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
2) This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
2) This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
Related terms
- *ini (“younger brother of a male”)
- *siŋil (“younger sister of a male”)
- *eke (“elder sister of a female”)
- *tagay (“elder brother of a female”)
- *yurč (“younger brother of a female”)
- *bāldïz (“younger sister of a female”)
- *küküy (“elder sister of a male”)
- *ečü (“elder brother of a male”)
- *kaŋ (“father”)
- *ög (“mother”)
- *ana (“mother”)
- *ata (“father”)
Descendants
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Kipchak:
- Kipchak: اپا (apa)
- North Kipchak:
- West Kipchak:
- South Kipchak:
- Siberian:
- Kipchak: اپا (apa)
References
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*apa/ *apa”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Ercilasun, Ahmet B., Akkoyunlu Ziyat, transl., Kâşgarlı Mahmud Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Giriş - Metin - Çeviri - Notlar - Dizin [Mahmud al-Kashgari's “Compendium of the languages of the Turks” Introduction - Texts - Translation - Notes - Index] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 1120) (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 2020, →ISBN
- Hunutlu, Ümit; Yıldırım, Mert (2023). “Köktürk ve Eski Uygur Yazılı Ürünlerinde Akrabalık Adları”, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Dergisi, 4/1: 1-26.
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
*apa
Declension
| singular | plural 2) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | *apa | *apalar |
| accusative | ||
| genitive | *apanïŋ | *apalarnïŋ |
| dative | *apaka | *apalarka |
| locative | *apada | *apalarda |
| ablative | *apadan | *apalardan |
| instrumental 1) | *apalarïn | |
| equative 1) | *apača | *apalarča |
1) The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
2) This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
2) This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.