Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þingijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *þingijaną.

Verb

*þingijan

  1. to believe, trust
  2. to hope
Inflection
Class 1 weak
Infinitive *þingijan
1st sg. past *þingidā
Infinitive *þingijan
Genitive infin. *þingijannjas
Dative infin. *þingijannjē
Instrum. infin. *þingijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *þingiju *þingidā
2nd singular *þingisi *þingidēs, *þingidōs
3rd singular *þingiþi *þingidē, *þingidā
1st plural *þingijum *þingidum
2nd plural *þingiþ *þingidud
3rd plural *þingijanþ *þingidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *þingijē *þingidī
2nd singular *þingijēs *þingidī
3rd singular *þingijē *þingidī
1st plural *þingijēm *þingidīm
2nd plural *þingijēþ *þingidīd
3rd plural *þingijēn *þingidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *þingi
Plural *þingiþ
Present Past
Participle *þingijandī *þingid
Descendants
  • ⇒ Old Saxon: giþingian
  • ⇒ Old Dutch: giþingen
  • Old High German: dingen

Etymology 2

From *þing (“meeting, case, matter”) +‎ *-jan.

Verb

*þingijan

  1. to hold a meeting, address, discuss
Inflection
Class 1 weak
Infinitive *þingijan
1st sg. past *þingidā
Infinitive *þingijan
Genitive infin. *þingijannjas
Dative infin. *þingijannjē
Instrum. infin. *þingijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *þingiju *þingidā
2nd singular *þingisi *þingidēs, *þingidōs
3rd singular *þingiþi *þingidē, *þingidā
1st plural *þingijum *þingidum
2nd plural *þingiþ *þingidud
3rd plural *þingijanþ *þingidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *þingijē *þingidī
2nd singular *þingijēs *þingidī
3rd singular *þingijē *þingidī
1st plural *þingijēm *þingidīm
2nd plural *þingijēþ *þingidīd
3rd plural *þingijēn *þingidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *þingi
Plural *þingiþ
Present Past
Participle *þingijandī *þingid
Descendants
  • Old English: þingan
    • Middle English: thingen (likely conflated with the descendant of *þingōn)
  • ⇒ Old Saxon: farthingian
  • Old High German: dingen
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