bac
Translingual
Symbol
bac
See also
- Wiktionary’s coverage of Baduy terms
English
Etymology 1
Noun
bac (plural bacs)
Etymology 2
Noun
bac (plural bacs)
- Clipping of baccalaureate.
Derived terms
Anagrams
Albanian
Alternative forms
Etymology
- Borrowed from South Slavic *bat'a rather than cognate with it.[1]
- From Proto-Albanian *batja. According to Orel bac/bacë could be related to Proto-Slavic *bat'a (“elder brother, uncle”) and Proto-Slavic *batja (“id”). Source of Romanian baci (“chief shepherd, cheese-maker”) and Megleno-Romanian/Aromanian batš (“id”).[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [bat͡s]
Noun
bac m (plural bacë, definite baca, definite plural bacët)
References
- ^ Hyllested first1=Adam, Joseph, Brian (2022) “13-Albanian”, in Thomas Olander, editor, The Indo-European language family
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “Alb. bac m Pl. baca ('elder brother, uncle')”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 13
Catalan
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Noun
bac m (plural bacs)
- alternative form of obac (“shady spot”)
Etymology 2
Noun
bac m (plural bacs)
Further reading
- “bac”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbat͡s]
Verb
bac
- second-person singular imperative of bacit
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bak/
Audio: (file) - Homophone: BAC
Etymology 1
Inherited from Middle French bac, from Old French bas, bac- (“flat boat”), of obscure origin. Possibly from Vulgar Latin *baccu (“container”), from Latin bacar (“kind of wine glass”). Or, possibly borrowed from Celtic or Germanic, from Proto-Germanic *baką (“back, rear”).
Noun
bac m (plural bacs)
Derived terms
- bac à chat (“litter box”)
- bac à sable (“sandbox”)
- jeu bac à sable (“sandbox game”)
Descendants
- → Catalan: bac
- → Dutch: bak
- → English: bac
Etymology 2
Clipping of baccalauréat.
Noun
bac m (plural bacs)
- (informal) high school exit exam in France; A level, matura
Related terms
Further reading
- “bac”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish bacc (“angle, bend, corner”), from Proto-Celtic *bakkos (“hook”).
The verb is from Old Irish baccaid (“hinders, prevents, impairs; lames”), from the noun.
Pronunciation
- (Munster, Aran) IPA(key): /bˠɑk/
- (Cois Fharraige, Mayo, Ulster) IPA(key): /bˠak/
Noun
bac m (genitive singular baic, nominative plural baic)
- barrier, block, balk, hindrance
- bottleneck, trap
- blocking, obstruction
- constraint, handicap, impediment, encumbrance
- stop
- mattock
- bend (in river, etc.)
- (door-)step
- (law) stay (of proceedings)
Declension
|
Derived terms
Descendants
- →⇒ English: bocky
Verb
bac (present analytic bacann, future analytic bacfaidh, verbal noun bacadh, past participle bactha) (ambitransitive)
Conjugation
verbal noun | bacadh | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
past participle | bactha | |||||||
tense | singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
indicative | ||||||||
present | bacaim | bacann tú; bacair† |
bacann sé, sí | bacaimid | bacann sibh | bacann siad; bacaid† |
a bhacann; a bhacas / a mbacann* |
bactar |
past | bhac mé; bhacas | bhac tú; bhacais | bhac sé, sí | bhacamar; bhac muid | bhac sibh; bhacabhair | bhac siad; bhacadar | a bhac / ar bhac* |
bacadh |
past habitual | bhacainn / mbacainn‡‡ | bhactá / mbactᇇ | bhacadh sé, sí / mbacadh sé, s퇇 | bhacaimis; bhacadh muid / mbacaimis‡‡; mbacadh muid‡‡ | bhacadh sibh / mbacadh sibh‡‡ | bhacaidís; bhacadh siad / mbacaidís‡‡; mbacadh siad‡‡ | a bhacadh / a mbacadh* |
bhactaí / mbacta퇇 |
future | bacfaidh mé; bacfad |
bacfaidh tú; bacfair† |
bacfaidh sé, sí | bacfaimid; bacfaidh muid |
bacfaidh sibh | bacfaidh siad; bacfaid† |
a bhacfaidh; a bhacfas / a mbacfaidh* |
bacfar |
conditional | bhacfainn / mbacfainn‡‡ | bhacfá / mbacfᇇ | bhacfadh sé, sí / mbacfadh sé, s퇇 | bhacfaimis; bhacfadh muid / mbacfaimis‡‡; mbacfadh muid‡‡ | bhacfadh sibh / mbacfadh sibh‡‡ | bhacfaidís; bhacfadh siad / mbacfaidís‡‡; mbacfadh siad‡‡ | a bhacfadh / a mbacfadh* |
bhacfaí / mbacfa퇇 |
subjunctive | ||||||||
present | go mbaca mé; go mbacad† |
go mbaca tú; go mbacair† |
go mbaca sé, sí | go mbacaimid; go mbaca muid |
go mbaca sibh | go mbaca siad; go mbacaid† |
— | go mbactar |
past | dá mbacainn | dá mbactá | dá mbacadh sé, sí | dá mbacaimis; dá mbacadh muid |
dá mbacadh sibh | dá mbacaidís; dá mbacadh siad |
— | dá mbactaí |
imperative | ||||||||
– | bacaim | bac | bacadh sé, sí | bacaimis | bacaigí; bacaidh† |
bacaidís | — | bactar |
* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Descendants
- → English: bock
Mutation
radical | lenition | eclipsis |
---|---|---|
bac | bhac | mbac |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “bac”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Middle English
Noun
bac
- alternative form of bak (“back”)
Romanian
Etymology 1
Noun
bac n (plural bacuri)
Declension
singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | ||
nominative-accusative | bac | bacul | bacuri | bacurile | |
genitive-dative | bac | bacului | bacuri | bacurilor | |
vocative | bacule | bacurilor |
Etymology 2
Clipping of bacalaureat
Noun
bac n (plural bacuri)
Declension
singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | ||
nominative-accusative | bac | bacul | bacuri | bacurile | |
genitive-dative | bac | bacului | bacuri | bacurilor | |
vocative | bacule | bacurilor |
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish baccaid (“hinders, prevents, impairs; lames”), from bacc (“angle, bend, corner”), from Proto-Celtic *bakkos (“hook”).
Noun
bac m (genitive singular baca or baic, plural bacan)
Verb
bac (past bhac, future bacaidh, verbal noun bacadh, past participle bacte)
Derived terms
Mutation
radical | lenition |
---|---|
bac | bhac |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Welsh
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bak/
Noun
bac
- soft mutation of pac