beir

See also: beír

Irish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bʲɛɾʲ/

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish beirid, from Old Irish beirid. Cognate with English bear, Latin ferō, Sanskrit भरति (bharati).

Verb

beir (present analytic beireann, future analytic béarfaidh, verbal noun breith, past participle beirthe) (ambitransitive)

  1. bear, give birth to (of persons, usually autonomously with do)
    Rug sí lao. ― She bore a calf.
    Rugadh iníon di. ― A daughter was born to her.
  2. lay (of birds)
  3. bear away, win
  4. bring, take
  5. proceed, advance
Conjugation
conjugation of beir (irregular)
verbal noun breith
past participle beirthe
tense singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative
present beirim beireann tú;
beirir† 		beireann sé, sí beirimid;
beireann muid 		beireann sibh beireann siad;
beirid† 		a bheireann; a bheireas /
a mbeireann*; a mbeireas* 		beirtear
past rug mé;
rugas 		rug tú;
rugais 		rug sé, sí rugamar;
rug muid 		rug sibh;
rugabhair 		rug siad;
rugadar 		a rug /
ar rug* 		rugadh
past habitual bheirinn / mbeirinn‡‡ bheirteá / mbeirteᇇ bheireadh sé, sí / mbeireadh sé, s퇇 bheirimis;
bheireadh muid / mbeirimis‡‡;
mbeireadh muid‡‡ 		bheireadh sibh / mbeireadh sibh‡‡ bheiridís; bheireadh siad / mbeiridís‡‡; mbeireadh siad‡‡ a bheireadh /
a mbeireadh* 		bheirtí / mbeirt퇇
future béarfaidh mé;
béarfad 		béarfaidh tú;
béarfair† 		béarfaidh sé, sí béarfaimid;
béarfaidh muid 		béarfaidh sibh béarfaidh siad;
béarfaid† 		a bhéarfaidh, a bhéarfas /
a mbéarfaidh*, a mbéarfas* 		béarfar
conditional bhéarfainn / mbéarfainn‡‡ bhéarfá / mbéarfᇇ bhéarfadh sé, sí / mbéarfadh sé, s퇇 bhéarfaimis;
bhéarfadh muid / mbéarfaimis‡‡;
mbéarfadh muid‡‡ 		bhéarfadh sibh / mbéarfadh sibh‡‡ bhéarfaidís;
bhéarfadh siad / mbéarfaidís‡‡;
mbéarfadh siad‡‡ 		a bhéarfadh /
a mbéarfadh* 		bhéarfaí / mbéarfa퇇
subjunctive
present go mbeire mé;
go mbeiread† 		go mbeire tú;
go mbeirir† 		go mbeire sé, sí go mbeirimid;
go mbeire muid 		go mbeire sibh go mbeire siad;
go mbeirid† 		— go mbeirtear
past dá mbeirinn dá mbeirteá dá mbeireadh sé, sí dá mbeirimis;
dá mbeireadh muid 		dá mbeireadh sibh dá mbeiridís; dá mbeireadh siad — dá mbeirtí
imperative
– beirim beir beireadh sé, sí beirimis beirigí;
beiridh† 		beiridís — beirtear

*indirect relative
† dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

In Munster, past indicative forms built on the form riug are encountered:

  • riugas (1st person singular)
  • riugais (2nd person singular)
  • riug (analytic)
  • riugamar (1st person plural)
  • riugabhair (2nd person plural)
  • riugadar (3rd person plural)
Derived terms

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

beir

  1. (literary, Munster) second-person singular future of bí
    Beir ana-shásta ansin.
    You will be very happy there.
Usage notes

The modern standard form is the analytic construction beidh tú.

Mutation

Mutated forms of beir
radical lenition eclipsis
beir bheir mbeir

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

Old Irish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bʲerʲ/

Verb

beir

  1. second-person singular imperative of beirid

Verb

·beir

  1. third-person singular present conjunct of beirid

Mutation

Mutation of ·beir
radical lenition nasalization
·beir ·beir
pronounced with /βʲ-/		 ·mbeir

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish beirid.

Verb

beir (past rug, future beiridh, verbal noun breith, past participle beirte)

  1. to give birth to
  2. to carry, catch; catch up with; overtake; catch hold of [with air]

Conjugation

Conjugation of beir (irregular)
singular plural impersonal
first second third m/f first second third
independent past rug mi rug thu rug e/i rug sinn rug sibh rug iad rugadh
future beiridh mi beiridh tu beiridh e/i beiridh sinn beiridh sibh beiridh iad beirear
conditional bheirinn bheireadh tu bheireadh e/i bheireadh sinn
bheireamaid 		bheireadh sibh bheireadh iad bheirte(adh)
bheirist(e)1
negative past cha do rug mi cha do rug thu cha do rug e/i cha do rug sinn cha do rug sibh cha do rug iad cha do rugadh
future cha bheir mi cha bheir thu cha bheir e/i cha bheir sinn cha bheir sibh cha bheir iad cha bheirear
conditional cha bheirinn cha bheireadh tu cha bheireadh e/i cha bheireadh sinn
cha bheireamaid 		cha bheireadh sibh cha bheireadh iad cha bheirte(adh)
cha bheirist(e)1
affirmative
interrogative 		past an do rug mi? an do rug thu? an do rug e/i? an do rug sinn? an do rug sibh? an do rug iad? an do rugadh?
future am beir mi? am beir thu? am beir e/i? am beir sinn? am beir sibh? am beir iad? am beirear?
conditional am beirinn? am beireadh tu? am beireadh e/i? am beireadh sinn?
am beireamaid? 		am beireadh sibh? am beireadh iad? am beirte(adh)?
am beirist(e)?1
negative
interrogative 		past nach do rug mi? nach do rug tu? nach do rug e/i? nach do rug sinn? nach do rug sibh? nach do rug iad? nach do rugadh?
future nach beir mi? nach beir thu? nach beir e/i? nach beir sinn? nach beir sibh? nach beir iad? nach beirear?
conditional nach beirinn? nach beireadh tu? nach beireadh e/i? nach beireadh sinn?
nach beireamaid? 		nach beireadh sibh? nach beireadh iad? nach beirte(adh)?
nach beirist(e)?1
relative future (a) bheireas mi (a) bheireas tu (a) bheireas e/i (a) bheireas sinn (a) bheireas sibh (a) bheireas iad (a) bheirear
imperative beiream! beir! beireadh e/i! beireamaid! beiribh! beireadh iad! beirear!
verbal noun breith, beirsinn
past participle beirte

1 Lewis dialect form

References

  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “beir”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “beirid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

West Flemish

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch bēre, from Old Dutch *bero, from Proto-West Germanic *berō.

Noun

beir m (plural beirn)

  1. bear (large predatory mammal of the family Ursidae)
  2. (figurative) person who is physically impressive and/or crude

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch bêer, from Old Dutch *bēr, from Proto-West Germanic *bair.

Noun

beir m (plural beirn)

  1. boar (male swine)
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