cardo

Borrowed from Latin cardō (“hinge”). Doublet of kern.

cardo (plural cardines)

1. (zoology) The basal joint of the maxilla in insects
2. (zoology) The hinge of a bivalve shell.
3. (Ancient Rome) A street that ran north–south, in an Ancient Roman town or city

• Draco, draco, Acord, C-Road, Coard

cardo

1. first-person singular present indicative of cardar

Attested since circa 1300. From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin carduus.

• cardio

• IPA^(key): /ˈkaɾðo̝/

cardo m (plural cardos)

1. thistle
   • c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 7:

     mays a terra mays lle criaua cardos et espyñas et outras eruas et cousas danosas que o estoruauam que [nõ] o que el semẽtaua

     but the earth did not produce but thistles and thorns and other plants and weeds that would rather hinder him than that that he sowed

• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “cardo”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cardo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cardo”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cardo”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

cardo

1. first-person singular present indicative of cardar

• IPA^(key): /ˈkar.do/
• Rhymes: -ardo
• Hyphenation: càr‧do

From Latin carduus (“thistle”).

cardo m (plural cardi)

1. thistle
2. teasel
3. implement for carding wool with thistle-like bristles, card

   Synonym: scardasso

• cardeto
• cardone

cardo

1. first-person singular present indicative of cardare

From Latin cardō (“hinge, astronomical pole”), hence, north–south line.

cardo m (plural cardi)

1. the principal north–south street in Roman cities or encampments

• cadrò, corda, croda, draco

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈkar.doː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈkar.d̪o]

Uncertain. Traditionally related to Ancient Greek κράδη (krádē, “twig, spray; swing, crane in the drama”), but unlikely as the concordant sense of swing is metaphorical and likely too recent. Or from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerd- (“to move, sway, swing, jump”) and so cognate with Proto-Germanic *herzô (“bar, pivot, hinge”) (whence English har (“hinge”)). Compare in any case Old High German scerdo (“hinge”).^[1]

cardō m (genitive cardinis); third declension

1. hinge (of a door or gate), usually a pivot and socket in Roman times.
2. (by extension) a tenon, mortice, or socket
3. A street, that ran north–south, in a Roman town or military camp

   Coordinate term: decumānus

4. (figuratively) turning point, critical moment or action
5. (figuratively) the symbolism of the hinge in ancient Roman religion and myth
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.101–102:

     Prīma diēs tibi, Carnā, datur. dea cardinis haec est:
     nūmine clausa aperit, claudit aperta suō.

     The first day [of June] is being given to you, Carna. This is the goddess of the hinge: by her divine power she opens the closed, [and] closes the opened.
     (Ovid conflates the June festival of the goddess Carna with the mythology of Cardea; see also Janus and Hinge.)

6. (astronomy) a pole

Third-declension noun.

• Cardea
• cardinālis
• cardinātus
• cardineus
• cardo maximus

• French: carne, charnière
• Italian: cardine, cardo
• Spanish: cárdine
• English: cardinal

Variant form of carduus (“wild thistle, artichoke”); see also cardus, cardunculus.

Attested in the eighth-century Reichenau Glossary.

cardō m (genitive cardōnis or cardinis); third declension (Early Medieval Latin)

1. thistle or some similar plant

Third-declension noun (two different stems).

• Old French:
  • French: chardon
• Old Occitan: cardon
  • → Italian: cardone
  • → Middle French: cardon
    • French: cardon
    • → English: cardoon
• Sicilian: carduni

• “cardo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cardo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "cardo", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• cardo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the pole: vertex caeli, axis caeli, cardo caeli
    
• “cardo”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “cardo”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

From Latin carduus.

cardo m (plural cardos)

1. thistle (plant)

• cárdeo

cardo

1. first-person singular present indicative of cardar

• IPA^(key): /ˈkaɾdo/ [ˈkaɾ.ð̞o]

• Audio (Spain):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾdo
• Syllabification: car‧do

Inherited from Latin carduus.

cardo m (plural cardos)

1. thistle
2. cardoon (plant)
3. (Spain) prickly customer
4. (Spain) butt ugly person

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

cardo

1. first-person singular present indicative of cardar

• “cardo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024