dubh

Irish

Alternative forms

  • dú- (combining form)

Etymology

From Old Irish dub,[1] from Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black”). Cognates include English deaf.

Pronunciation

Adjective

dubh (genitive singular masculine duibh, genitive singular feminine duibhe, plural dubha, comparative duibhe or dúcha)

  1. black
  2. black-haired
  3. (nominalized, masculine) black (color)

Declension

Declension of dubh
Positive singular plural
masculine feminine strong noun weak noun
nominative dubh dhubh dubha;
dhubha2
vocative dhuibh dubha
genitive duibhe dubha dubh
dative dubh;
dhubh1 		dhubh;
dhuibh (archaic) 		dubha;
dhubha2
Comparative níos duibhe
Superlative is duibhe

1 When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
2 When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Yola: ghou

See also

Colors in Irish · dathanna (layout · text)
     bán      liath      dubh
             dearg; corcairdhearg              oráiste, flannbhuí; donn              buí; bánbhuí
             líoma-ghlas, glas líoma              glas, uaine              dath an mhiontais
             cian              gormghlas, spéirghorm              gorm
             corcairghorm; indeagó              maigeanta; corcra              bándearg

Mutation

Mutated forms of dubh
radical lenition eclipsis
dubh dhubh ndubh

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

References
  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dub”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 54, page 29
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 72
  4. ^ Ó Máille, T. S. (1974) Liosta Focal as Ros Muc [Word List from Rosmuck] (in Irish), Baile Átha Cliath [Dublin]: Irish University Press, →ISBN, page 76
  5. ^ de Búrca, Seán (1958) The Irish of Tourmakeady, Co. Mayo: A Phonemic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, section 65, page 16
  6. ^ Mhac an Fhailigh, Éamonn (1968) The Irish of Erris, Co. Mayo: A Phonemic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, section 112, page 27
  7. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 42, page 19
  8. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 316, page 111

Further reading

  • Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927) “duḃ”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 2nd edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 374; reprinted with additions 1996, →ISBN
  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “dubh”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “dubh”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
  • “dubh”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish dub (“black”), from Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black”).

Cognates within Celtic include Breton du (“black”), Welsh du (“black”), Cornish duv or du (“black”), Gaulish river name Dubis, now Doubs. Cognates outside Celtic include Ancient Greek τυφλός (tuphlós, “blind”), Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍃 (daubs, “deaf”), German taub (“deaf”), English deaf, English dumb.[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /t̪uh/, [t̪uh] ~ [t̪ʊh], [t̪u] ~ [t̪ʊ], [t̪uɣ] ~ [t̪ʊɣ]

Adjective

dubh (genitive singular masculine dhuibh, genitive singular feminine duibhe, nominative plural dubha, comparative duibhe)

  1. black
  2. (hair color) black-haired
    Tha Dòmhnall Dubh an Dòmhnallaich a-nochd a' tòir air Mòraig. ― Black-haired Donald MacDonald is chasing after Morag tonight.

Declension

Declension of dubh (type I adjective)
masculine feminine plural
nominative dubh dhubh dubha
genitive dhuibh duibhe dubha
dative dubh dhuibh dubha
vocative dhuibh dhubh dubha

Derived terms

Noun

dubh m (genitive singular duibh, plural dubhan)

  1. blackness, darkness
    Synonyms: dorchadas, dubhar
  2. ink
    Synonym: inc
  3. pupil (of eye)
    Synonym: clach na sùla

Derived terms

Verb

dubh (past dhubh, future dubhaidh, verbal noun dubhadh, past participle dubhte)

  1. blacken

Derived terms

See also

Colors in Scottish Gaelic · dathan (layout · text)
     bàn, geal      glas      dubh
             dearg; ruadh              orains; donn              buidhe; donn
             uaine              uaine              gorm
             liath; glas              liath              gorm
             purpaidh; guirmean              pinc; purpaidh              pinc

Mutation

Mutation of dubh
radical lenition
dubh dhubh

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ dubh at MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “dubh”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎[1], Stirling, →ISBN. Accessed 4 Feb. 2015.
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dub”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language Accessed 4 Feb. 2015.

Further reading

  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “dubh”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[2], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
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