espir
Galician
Alternative forms
- despir, ispir
Etymology
Attested since circa 1390 (the derivative despimento since 1294: despeemento, "dispatchment, distributio of assets"). From Latin expedīre (“to dispatch”). Cognate with Portuguese despir.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /esˈpiɾ/
Verb
espir (first-person singular present ispo, third-person singular present ispe, first-person singular preterite espín, past participle espido)
espir (first-person singular present ispo, third-person singular present espe, first-person singular preterite espim or espi, past participle espido, reintegrationist norm)
- (transitive) to undress (to remove somebody’s clothes)
- (pronominal) to peel, undress (to remove one’s clothes)
Conjugation
Conjugation of espir (e becomes i when stressed)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) |
Second-person (ti) |
Third-person (el / ela / Vde.) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | espir | |||||
| Personal | espir | espires | espir | espirmos | espirdes | espiren |
| Gerund | ||||||
| espindo | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | espido | espidos | ||||
| Feminine | espida | espidas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | ispo | ispes | ispe | espimos | espides | ispen |
| Imperfect | espía | espías | espía | espiamos | espiades | espían |
| Preterite | espín | espiches | espiu | espimos | espistes | espiron |
| Pluperfect | espira | espiras | espira | espiramos | espirades | espiran |
| Future | espirei | espirás | espirá | espiremos | espiredes | espirán |
| Conditional | espiría | espirías | espiría | espiriamos | espiriades | espirían |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | ispa | ispas | ispa | ispamos | ispades | ispan |
| Imperfect | espise | espises | espise | espísemos | espísedes | espisen |
| Future | espir | espires | espir | espirmos | espirdes | espiren |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | ispe | ispa | ispamos | espide | ispan | |
| Negative (non) | non ispas | non ispa | non ispamos | non ispades | non ispan | |
Reintegrated conjugation of espir (i-e alternation in present singular) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
1Less recommended.
Derived terms
- despimento
- espido
References
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “espir”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “espir”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “despeemento”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “espir”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “espir”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “espir”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “espir”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN