geminus

Presumably from Proto-Italic *yemanos, from Proto-Indo-European *yemH- (“twin”), in view of Proto-Celtic *yemonos (Old Irish emon (“twin”)). If this is true, the g- must have been analogically introduced from gignō (“to give birth to”), genus (“offspring”).^[1]

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈɡɛ.mɪ.nʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈd͡ʒɛː.mi.nus]

geminus (feminine gemina, neuter geminum); first/second-declension adjective

1. (literal) twinborn, twin
   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.4:

     cum geminum partum edidisset

     When gave birth to the twin sons

2. (transferred sense) double, paired, two, twofold, both, half-and-half

   Synonyms: duplex, duo

   • 166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 673–674:

     PAMPHILUS: Immō, etiam! Nam satis crēdō sī advigilāverīs, / ex ūnīs geminās mihi cōnficiēs nūptiās!

     PAMPHILUS: On the contrary, yes! For I’m quite sure that if you remain vigilant, out of one you will bring about two weddings for me!
     (The meaning in its comical context: although two couples are in love, Pamphilus’s upcoming wedding has been arranged to the “wrong” woman. The plurals unīs and geminās agree with nuptiās, as in the series of rituals that formed an ancient Roman wedding.)

3. resembling, similar, like

First/second-declension adjective.

• “geminus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “geminus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "geminus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• geminus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “geminus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “geminus”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray