hüten
See also: Hüten
German
Etymology
From Middle High German hüeten, Old High German huoten (“to watch, take care”), from Proto-West Germanic *hōdijan, see there for further etymology.
Cognate with Old Saxon hōdian, Old English hēdan, Dutch hoeden, English heed.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈhyːtn̩]
Audio: (file) - Hyphenation: hü‧ten
Verb
hüten (weak, third-person singular present hütet, past tense hütete, past participle gehütet, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive) to watch
- (transitive) to herd, to tend (animals)
- (reflexive) to be wary, to watch out [(often) with vor (+ dative) ‘of someone/something’]
- (reflexive) to avoid (doing something), to be careful not to (do something) [with zu (+ infinitive)]
- Sie mussten sich hüten, ihn zu kritisieren.
- They had to be careful not to criticise him.
Conjugation
Conjugation of hüten (weak, auxiliary haben)
| infinitive | hüten | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | hütend | ||||
| past participle | gehütet | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich hüte | wir hüten | i | ich hüte | wir hüten |
| du hütest | ihr hütet | du hütest | ihr hütet | ||
| er hütet | sie hüten | er hüte | sie hüten | ||
| preterite | ich hütete | wir hüteten | ii | ich hütete1 | wir hüteten1 |
| du hütetest | ihr hütetet | du hütetest1 | ihr hütetet1 | ||
| er hütete | sie hüteten | er hütete1 | sie hüteten1 | ||
| imperative | hüt (du) hüte (du) |
hütet (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Composed forms of hüten (weak, auxiliary haben)
Derived terms
- Hüten
- Hüter
- Hütung
- das Bett hüten
Descendants
- → Danish: hytte
References
- ^ Friedrich Kluge (1883) “hüten”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891