Czech
Particle
jj
- (text messaging, Internet slang) abbreviation of jo jo
Egyptian
Pronunciation
- (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈjiːjit/ → /ˈjiːjiʔ/ → /ˈʔiːʔə/ → /ʔiːʔ/
Verb
anom.
- (intransitive) to arrive, to come to a certain place (+ r or n: to (a place, person, thing, etc.); + ḫr: to (someone of higher status); + m: from (a place), into (something), by means of (a vehicle), as (a role); + ḥr: to, upon (something), from, for the sake of; + m-dj: from (someone))
c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE,
Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 119–121:
- jw dpt r jjt m ẖnw sqdw jm.s rḫ.n.k
- A boat is to come from home with sailors in it whom you know.
- (intransitive) to come here, to move from further to nearby
c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE,
Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 60–62:
- kf.n.j ḥr.j gm.n.j ḥfꜣw pw jw.f m jjt
- When I uncovered my face, I found it was a snake. He was coming!
- (intransitive) to return, to come back
- jj m ḥtp
- to return safely or fortunately, to come (back) in peace
c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE,
Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 7–8:
- jzwt.n jj.t(j) ꜥd.t(j) nn nhw n mšꜥ.n
- Our crew has returned intact, without loss to our expedition.
- (intransitive, of future events, time, old age, etc.) to come to pass or come to be, to come, to arrive
- (intransitive, with r and following infinitive) to come (to do something)
Usage notes
By Middle Egyptian, this verb and its synonym jwj were apparently conflated into one, with some inflections of the verb using one stem and some using the other.
Inflection
Conjugation of jj (anomalous / anom.) — base stem: j, jj, jw, geminated stem: jw, jww
infinitival forms
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imperative
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infinitive
|
negatival complement
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complementary infinitive1
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singular
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plural
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jt, jjt, jwt
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jw
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jwt
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mj, jj, jw
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mj, my, jj, jw
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‘pseudoverbal’ forms
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stative stem
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periphrastic imperfective2
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periphrastic prospective2
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jj5, jw5
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ḥr jt, ḥr jjt, ḥr jwt
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m jt, m jjt, m jwt
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r jt, r jjt, r jwt
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suffix conjugation
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aspect / mood
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active
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contingent
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aspect / mood
|
active
|
perfect
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jj.n, jw.n
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consecutive
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jw.jn, jj.jn
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terminative
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jt, jyt, jjt, jwt
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perfective3
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jw, jj
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obligative1
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jw.ḫr
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imperfective
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jw, jj, jy
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prospective3
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jw, jwy
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potentialis1
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jw.kꜣ
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subjunctive
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jwt
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verbal adjectives
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aspect / mood
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relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
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participles
|
active
|
active
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passive
|
perfect
|
j.n, jj.n
|
—
|
—
|
perfective
|
j
|
jj, jy
|
—
|
imperfective
|
jw, jww, jyw
|
jwy
|
—
|
prospective
|
—
|
jwtj4, jwt4
|
1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Third-person masculine statives of this verb often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.
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Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jj
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|
|
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jj
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jj
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jj
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jj
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[Old Kingdom]
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[Middle Kingdom]
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[New Kingdom]
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[New Kingdom]
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Derived terms
Descendants
- Demotic: jj, jw
- Akhmimic Coptic: ⲉⲓ (ei)
- Bohairic Coptic: ⲓ (i)
- Fayyumic Coptic: ⲓ (i), ⲉⲓ (ei)
- Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲓ (ei)
References
- “jy (lemma ID 21300)” and “jy (lemma ID 851687)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 37.1–37.36
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 10
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 159, 455.
Hadza
Pronunciation
Letter
jj (upper case Jj)
- A letter of the practical Hadza alphabet.
Maltese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (to one person) /ˈjɛk ˈjɔːd͡ʒ.bɔk/, (to many) /ˈjɛk jɔˈd͡ʒɔp.kɔm/
- IPA(key): (to one person) /ˈjɛk ˈjɔˤːd͡ʒ.bɔk/, (to many) /ˈjɛk jɔˤːˈd͡ʒɔp.kɔm/ (archaic)
Interjection
jj
- abbreviation of jekk jogħġbok
- abbreviation of jekk jogħġobkom
Tarifit
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Verb
jj (Tifinagh spelling ⵊⵊ)
- (transitive) to let, to leave
- (transitive) to abandon
- (transitive) to save, to keep (something for someone)
- (transitive) to bequeath
- (transitive) to create, to birth, to beget
- (transitive) to allow, to tolerate
Conjugation
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
- Verbal noun: timejja (“action of being left alone”)
- Passive: twajj (“to be left alone”)
- mejj (“to have been left”)