kaupa

Estonian

Noun

kaupa

  1. partitive singular of kaup
  2. illative singular of kaup

Icelandic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkʰøyːpa/
    Rhymes: -øyːpa

Etymology 1

From Old Norse kaupa.

Verb

kaupa (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative keypti, supine keypt)

  1. to buy [with accusative]

Usage notes

  • The imperative form keyptu is proscibed by dominant colloquially. Compare spurðu (of spyrja).

Conjugation

kaupa – active voice (germynd)
infinitive nafnháttur kaupa
supine sagnbót keypt
present participle
kaupandi
indicative
subjunctive
present
past
present
past
singular ég kaupi keypti kaupi keypti
þú kaupir keyptir kaupir keyptir
hann, hún, það kaupir keypti kaupi keypti
plural við kaupum keyptum kaupum keyptum
þið kaupið keyptuð kaupið keyptuð
þeir, þær, þau kaupa keyptu kaupi keyptu
imperative boðháttur
singular þú kaup (þú), kauptu
plural þið kaupið (þið), kaupiði1
1 Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
kaupast – mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive nafnháttur að kaupast
supine sagnbót keypst
present participle
kaupandist (rare; see appendix)
indicative
subjunctive
present
past
present
past
singular ég kaupist keyptist kaupist keyptist
þú kaupist keyptist kaupist keyptist
hann, hún, það kaupist keyptist kaupist keyptist
plural við kaupumst keyptumst kaupumst keyptumst
þið kaupist keyptust kaupist keyptust
þeir, þær, þau kaupast keyptust kaupist keyptust
imperative boðháttur
singular þú - (þú), -u
plural þið - (þið), -i1
1 Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
keyptur — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging)
singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)
keyptur keypt keypt keyptir keyptar keypt
accusative
(þolfall)
keyptan keypta keypt keypta keyptar keypt
dative
(þágufall)
keyptum keyptri keyptu keyptum keyptum keyptum
genitive
(eignarfall)
keypts keyptrar keypts keyptra keyptra keyptra
weak declension
(veik beyging)
singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)
keypti keypta keypta keyptu keyptu keyptu
accusative
(þolfall)
keypta keyptu keypta keyptu keyptu keyptu
dative
(þágufall)
keypta keyptu keypta keyptu keyptu keyptu
genitive
(eignarfall)
keypta keyptu keypta keyptu keyptu keyptu

Derived terms

References

  • Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989) Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)
  • Kristín Bjarnadóttir, editor (2002–2025), “kaupa”, in Beygingarlýsing íslensks nútímamáls [The Database of Modern Icelandic Inflection] (in Icelandic), Reykjavík: The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies
  • Mörður Árnason (2019) Íslensk orðabók, 5th edition, Reykjavík: Forlagið
  • “kaupa” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)

Etymology 2

Noun

kaupa

  1. indefinite genitive plural of kaup

Old Norse

Etymology

Uncertain; either:[1]

Senses in other languages derived by relating striking (of hands) to transaction, as with strike a bargain, slá kaup.

Cognate with English cheap, German kaufen.

Verb

kaupa

  1. to buy

Conjugation

Note the vowel change (kaupakeypti).

Conjugation of kaupa — active (weak class 1)
infinitive kaupa
present participle kaupandi
past participle keyptr
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular kaupi keypta kaupa keypta
2nd person singular kaupir keyptir kaupir keyptir
3rd person singular kaupir keypti kaupi keypti
1st person plural kaupum keyptum kaupim keyptim
2nd person plural kaupið keyptuð kaupið keyptið
3rd person plural kaupa keyptu kaupi keypti
imperative present
2nd person singular kaup, kaupi
1st person plural kaupum
2nd person plural kaupið
Conjugation of kaupa — mediopassive (weak class 1)
infinitive kaupask
present participle kaupandisk
past participle keypsk
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular kaupumk keyptumk kaupumk keyptumk
2nd person singular kaupisk keyptisk kaupisk keyptisk
3rd person singular kaupisk keyptisk kaupisk keyptisk
1st person plural kaupumsk keyptumsk kaupimsk keyptimsk
2nd person plural kaupizk keyptuzk kaupizk keyptizk
3rd person plural kaupask keyptusk kaupisk keyptisk
imperative present
2nd person singular kaupsk, kaupisk
1st person plural kaupumsk
2nd person plural kaupizk

Descendants

  • Icelandic: kaupa
  • Faroese: keypa
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: kaupa, kjøpa
  • Old Swedish: kø̄pa
  • Old Danish: køpæ
  • Finnish: kauppa
  • Middle English: coupen

References

  1. ^ George Hempl, University of Michigan (November 1902) “Etymologies”, in Modern Language Notes (MLN), volume 17, number 7, The Johns Hopkins University Press, →DOI, →JSTOR, pages 210–212.

Further reading

  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “kaupa”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive