kotor

See also: Kotor

Batuley

Etymology

Borrowed from Indonesian kotor.

Adjective

kotor

dirty

References

Daigle (2015). Cited in: "Batuley" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.

Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin

Etymology

From Malay kotor.

Adjective

kotor

dirty

References

William McGregor (2004) The Languages of the Kimberley, Western Australia (in Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin), Taylor & Francis

Hungarian

Etymology

From a bound stem + -r (obsolete frequentative verb-forming suffix).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈkotor]
Hyphenation: ko‧tor
Rhymes: -or

Verb

kotor

(transitive) to dredge, scoop (e.g. to excavate and remove material from the bottom of a body of water)

Conjugation

Conjugation of *kotor*
other forms	verbal noun		present part.	past part.	future part.	adverbial participle		causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indicative	indicative	present	indef.	kotrok	kotorsz	kotor	kotrunk	kotortok	kotornak
			def.	kotrom	kotrod	kotorja	kotorjuk	kotorjátok	kotorják
			2nd obj	kotorlak
		past	indef.	kotortam	kotortál	kotort	kotortunk	kotortatok	kotortak
			def.	kotortam	kotortad	kotorta	kotortuk	kotortátok	kotorták
			2nd obj	kotortalak
		future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. kotorni fog.
archaic preterite		indef.	kotrék	kotrál	kotra	kotránk	kotrátok	kotrának
		def.	kotrám	kotrád	kotrá	kotránk	kotrátok	kotrák
		2nd obj	kotrálak
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. kotor vala, kotort vala/volt.
archaic future		indef.	kotrandok	kotrandasz	kotrand	kotrandunk	kotrandotok	kotrandanak
		def.	kotrandom	kotrandod	kotrandja	kotrandjuk	kotrandjátok	kotrandják
		2nd obj	kotrandalak

conditional		present	indef.	kotornék	kotornál	kotorna	kotornánk	kotornátok	kotornának
	def.		kotornám	kotornád	kotorná	kotornánk (or kotornók)	kotornátok	kotornák
	2nd obj		kotornálak
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kotort volna

subjunctive	subjunctive	present	indef.	kotorjak	kotorj or kotorjál	kotorjon	kotorjunk	kotorjatok	kotorjanak
			def.	kotorjam	kotord or kotorjad	kotorja	kotorjuk	kotorjátok	kotorják
			2nd obj	kotorjalak
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kotort légyen

infinitive		kotorni		kotornom	kotornod	kotornia	kotornunk	kotornotok	kotorniuk
other forms	kotrás		kotró	kotort	kotrandó	kotorva (kotorván)		kotortat
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

Potential conjugation of *kotor*
other forms	positive adjective			negative adjective		adverbial participle
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indicative	indicative	present	indef.	kotorhatok	kotorhatsz	kotorhat	kotorhatunk	kotorhattok	kotorhatnak
			def.	kotorhatom	kotorhatod	kotorhatja	kotorhatjuk	kotorhatjátok	kotorhatják
			2nd obj	kotorhatlak
		past	indef.	kotorhattam	kotorhattál	kotorhatott	kotorhattunk	kotorhattatok	kotorhattak
			def.	kotorhattam	kotorhattad	kotorhatta	kotorhattuk	kotorhattátok	kotorhatták
			2nd obj	kotorhattalak
archaic preterite		indef.	kotorhaték	kotorhatál	kotorhata	kotorhatánk	kotorhatátok	kotorhatának
		def.	kotorhatám	kotorhatád	kotorhatá	kotorhatánk	kotorhatátok	kotorhaták
		2nd obj	kotorhatálak
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. kotorhat vala, kotorhatott vala/volt.
archaic future		indef.	kotorhatandok or kotrandhatok	kotorhatandasz or kotrandhatsz	kotorhatand or kotrandhat	kotorhatandunk or kotrandhatunk	kotorhatandotok or kotrandhattok	kotorhatandanak or kotrandhatnak
		def.	kotorhatandom or kotrandhatom	kotorhatandod or kotrandhatod	kotorhatandja or kotrandhatja	kotorhatandjuk or kotrandhatjuk	kotorhatandjátok or kotrandhatjátok	kotorhatandják or kotrandhatják
		2nd obj	kotorhatandalak or kotrandhatlak

conditional		present	indef.	kotorhatnék	kotorhatnál	kotorhatna	kotorhatnánk	kotorhatnátok	kotorhatnának
	def.		kotorhatnám	kotorhatnád	kotorhatná	kotorhatnánk (or kotorhatnók)	kotorhatnátok	kotorhatnák
	2nd obj		kotorhatnálak
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kotorhatott volna

subjunctive	subjunctive	present	indef.	kotorhassak	kotorhass or kotorhassál	kotorhasson	kotorhassunk	kotorhassatok	kotorhassanak
			def.	kotorhassam	kotorhasd or kotorhassad	kotorhassa	kotorhassuk	kotorhassátok	kotorhassák
			2nd obj	kotorhassalak
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kotorhatott légyen

infinitive		(kotorhatni)		(kotorhatnom)	(kotorhatnod)	(kotorhatnia)	(kotorhatnunk)	(kotorhatnotok)	(kotorhatniuk)
other forms	kotorható			kotorhatatlan		(kotorhatva / kotorhatván)

Derived terms

kotorászik
kotorék
kotrás
kotródik

(With verbal prefixes):

belekotor
előkotor
felkotor
kikotor
megkotor
összekotor
szétkotor
végigkotor

References

^ kotor in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay kotor.

Pronunciation

(Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈkotor/ [ˈko.t̪ɔr]
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -otor
Syllabification: ko‧tor

Adjective

kotor

dirty
Synonym: jorok
gross
Synonyms: jorok, menjijikkan
dirty, dishonest, bad, evil
Synonym: keji

Antonyms: baik, patut
(of income, etc.) gross
Synonym: bruto

Antonyms: bersih, neto

Malay

Pronunciation

(Johor-Selangor) IPA^(key): /koto(r)/
(Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /kotʊ(r)/
Rhymes: -oto(r), -to(r), -o(r)

Adjective

kotor (Jawi spelling کوتور)

dirty (unclean)

Synonyms

cemar
kumuh

Derived terms

berkotor
dikotor
dikotori
dikotorkan
kekotoran
kotoran
mengotor
mengotori
mengotorkan
pengotor
pengotoran

Descendants

> Indonesian: kotor (inherited)
→ Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin: kotor

Maltese

Root
k-t-r
7 terms

Etymology

From Arabic كَثُرَ (kaṯura).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkɔ.tɔr/

Verb

kotor (imperfect joktor, verbal noun ktir)

(intransitive) to multiply, become more
Synonym: tkattar

Conjugation

Conjugation of **kotor** (Form I)
positive forms
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
perfect	m	ktort	ktort	kotor	ktorna	ktortu	kotru
perfect	f	ktort	ktort	kotrot	ktorna	ktortu	kotru
imperfect	m	noktor	toktor	joktor	noktru	toktru	joktru
imperfect	f	noktor	toktor	toktor	noktru	toktru	joktru
imperative			oktor			oktru

Romani

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Armenian կոտոր (kotor).^[1]

Noun

kotor m (nominative plural kotora)

piece^[1]^[2]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “kotór”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 149a
^ Marcel Courthiade (2009) “o kotor, -es- m. -a, -en-”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 204b

Swedish

Noun

kotor

indefinite plural of kota

Anagrams

tokor

[1] tor in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.

[bi-2] 1.0 ^1.1 Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “kotór”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 149a

[3] Marcel Courthiade (2009) “o kotor, -es- m. -a, -en-”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 204b

[1]

[1]

[2]

Batuley

Etymology

Adjective

References

Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin

Etymology

Adjective

References

Hungarian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

References

Further reading

Indonesian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Further reading

Malay

Pronunciation

Adjective

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Maltese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Romani

Etymology

Noun

References

Swedish

Noun

Anagrams