mordeo

Latin

Etymology

    From Proto-Italic *mordeō, from *mordejō, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mord-éye-ti, from *(s)merd- (“to bite, sting”).[1]

    Cognate with Sanskrit मर्दति (márdati, “press, crush, destroy”), म्रदते (mradate, “pulverize”), Ancient Greek σμερδνός (smerdnós, “dreadful”), σμερδαλέος (smerdaléos), English smart.

    Pronunciation

    Verb

    mordeō (present infinitive mordēre, perfect active momordī, supine morsum); second conjugation

    1. to bite (into); nibble, gnaw
    2. to nip, sting
    3. to eat, consume, devour, erode
    4. to bite into, take hold of, press or cut into
    5. to hurt, pain, sting
    6. to squander, waste, dissipate

    Conjugation

    • The third principal part, momordī, also appears as memordī.
       Conjugation of mordeō (second conjugation)
    indicative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present mordeō mordēs mordet mordēmus mordētis mordent
    imperfect mordēbam mordēbās mordēbat mordēbāmus mordēbātis mordēbant
    future mordēbō mordēbis mordēbit mordēbimus mordēbitis mordēbunt
    perfect momordī momordistī momordit momordimus momordistis momordērunt,
    momordēre
    pluperfect momorderam momorderās momorderat momorderāmus momorderātis momorderant
    future perfect momorderō momorderis momorderit momorderimus momorderitis momorderint
    passive present mordeor mordēris,
    mordēre     		mordētur mordēmur mordēminī mordentur
    imperfect mordēbar mordēbāris,
    mordēbāre     		mordēbātur mordēbāmur mordēbāminī mordēbantur
    future mordēbor mordēberis,
    mordēbere     		mordēbitur mordēbimur mordēbiminī mordēbuntur
    perfect morsus + present active indicative of sum
    pluperfect morsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
    future perfect morsus + future active indicative of sum
    subjunctive singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present mordeam mordeās mordeat mordeāmus mordeātis mordeant
    imperfect mordērem mordērēs mordēret mordērēmus mordērētis mordērent
    perfect momorderim momorderīs momorderit momorderīmus momorderītis momorderint
    pluperfect momordissem momordissēs momordisset momordissēmus momordissētis momordissent
    passive present mordear mordeāris,
    mordeāre     		mordeātur mordeāmur mordeāminī mordeantur
    imperfect mordērer mordērēris,
    mordērēre     		mordērētur mordērēmur mordērēminī mordērentur
    perfect morsus + present active subjunctive of sum
    pluperfect morsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
    imperative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present — mordē — — mordēte —
    future — mordētō mordētō — mordētōte mordentō
    passive present — mordēre — — mordēminī —
    future — mordētor mordētor — — mordentor
    non-finite forms infinitive participle
    active passive active passive
    present mordēre mordērī mordēns —
    future morsūrum esse morsum īrī morsūrus mordendus
    perfect momordisse morsum esse — morsus
    future perfect — morsum fore — —
    perfect potential morsūrum fuisse — — —
    verbal nouns gerund supine
    genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
    mordendī mordendō mordendum mordendō morsum morsū

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Ibero-Romance:
      • Aragonese: morder
      • Asturian: morder
      • Old Galician-Portuguese: morder
      • Spanish: morder

    Reflexes of an assumed variant *mordĕre:[2]

    • Insular Romance:
      • Sardinian: mòrdere, mòrdiri
    • Italo-Romance:
    • Rhaeto-Romance:
    • Gallo-Italic:
      • Lombard: mord
      • Piedmontese: mòrde
    • Gallo-Romance:

    References

    1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “mordeō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 389
    2. ^ Grandgent, Charles Hall (1907) An Introduction to Vulgar Latin (Heath's Modern Language Series), D. C. Heath & Company, page 167

    Further reading

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