Latin
Etymology
From ob- + temperō (“show restraint, moderate”).
Pronunciation
Verb
obtemperō (present infinitive obtemperāre, perfect active obtemperāvī, supine obtemperātum); first conjugation
- (often with dative) to comply with; to conform to, obey
- Synonyms: oboediō, exaudiō, pāreō
- Antonym: recalcitrō
106 BCE – 43 BCE,
Cicero,
Letters to Friends 107.2:
- tecum loquere, [et] te adhibe in consilium, te audi, tibi obtempera
- Speak with yourself, consult yourself in counsel, listen to yourself, obey yourself
Conjugation
Conjugation of obtemperō (first conjugation)
| indicative
|
singular
|
plural
|
| first
|
second
|
third
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
| active
|
present
|
obtemperō
|
obtemperās
|
obtemperat
|
obtemperāmus
|
obtemperātis
|
obtemperant
|
| imperfect
|
obtemperābam
|
obtemperābās
|
obtemperābat
|
obtemperābāmus
|
obtemperābātis
|
obtemperābant
|
| future
|
obtemperābō
|
obtemperābis
|
obtemperābit
|
obtemperābimus
|
obtemperābitis
|
obtemperābunt
|
| perfect
|
obtemperāvī
|
obtemperāvistī, obtemperāstī1
|
obtemperāvit, obtemperāt1
|
obtemperāvimus, obtemperāmus1
|
obtemperāvistis, obtemperāstis1
|
obtemperāvērunt, obtemperārunt, obtemperāvēre1
|
| pluperfect
|
obtemperāveram, obtemperāram1
|
obtemperāverās, obtemperārās1
|
obtemperāverat, obtemperārat1
|
obtemperāverāmus, obtemperārāmus1
|
obtemperāverātis, obtemperārātis1
|
obtemperāverant, obtemperārant1
|
| future perfect
|
obtemperāverō, obtemperārō1
|
obtemperāveris, obtemperāris1
|
obtemperāverit, obtemperārit1
|
obtemperāverimus, obtemperārimus1
|
obtemperāveritis, obtemperāritis1
|
obtemperāverint, obtemperārint1
|
| passive
|
present
|
obtemperor
|
obtemperāris, obtemperāre
|
obtemperātur
|
obtemperāmur
|
obtemperāminī
|
obtemperantur
|
| imperfect
|
obtemperābar
|
obtemperābāris, obtemperābāre
|
obtemperābātur
|
obtemperābāmur
|
obtemperābāminī
|
obtemperābantur
|
| future
|
obtemperābor
|
obtemperāberis, obtemperābere
|
obtemperābitur
|
obtemperābimur
|
obtemperābiminī
|
obtemperābuntur
|
| perfect
|
obtemperātus + present active indicative of sum
|
| pluperfect
|
obtemperātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
|
| future perfect
|
obtemperātus + future active indicative of sum
|
| subjunctive
|
singular
|
plural
|
| first
|
second
|
third
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
| active
|
present
|
obtemperem
|
obtemperēs
|
obtemperet
|
obtemperēmus
|
obtemperētis
|
obtemperent
|
| imperfect
|
obtemperārem
|
obtemperārēs
|
obtemperāret
|
obtemperārēmus
|
obtemperārētis
|
obtemperārent
|
| perfect
|
obtemperāverim, obtemperārim1
|
obtemperāverīs, obtemperārīs1
|
obtemperāverit, obtemperārit1
|
obtemperāverīmus, obtemperārīmus1
|
obtemperāverītis, obtemperārītis1
|
obtemperāverint, obtemperārint1
|
| pluperfect
|
obtemperāvissem, obtemperāssem1
|
obtemperāvissēs, obtemperāssēs1
|
obtemperāvisset, obtemperāsset1
|
obtemperāvissēmus, obtemperāssēmus1
|
obtemperāvissētis, obtemperāssētis1
|
obtemperāvissent, obtemperāssent1
|
| passive
|
present
|
obtemperer
|
obtemperēris, obtemperēre
|
obtemperētur
|
obtemperēmur
|
obtemperēminī
|
obtemperentur
|
| imperfect
|
obtemperārer
|
obtemperārēris, obtemperārēre
|
obtemperārētur
|
obtemperārēmur
|
obtemperārēminī
|
obtemperārentur
|
| perfect
|
obtemperātus + present active subjunctive of sum
|
| pluperfect
|
obtemperātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
|
| imperative
|
singular
|
plural
|
| first
|
second
|
third
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
| active
|
present
|
—
|
obtemperā
|
—
|
—
|
obtemperāte
|
—
|
| future
|
—
|
obtemperātō
|
obtemperātō
|
—
|
obtemperātōte
|
obtemperantō
|
| passive
|
present
|
—
|
obtemperāre
|
—
|
—
|
obtemperāminī
|
—
|
| future
|
—
|
obtemperātor
|
obtemperātor
|
—
|
—
|
obtemperantor
|
| obtemperāre
|
obtemperārī
|
obtemperāns
|
—
|
| obtemperātūrum esse
|
obtemperātum īrī
|
obtemperātūrus
|
obtemperandus
|
obtemperāvisse, obtemperāsse1
|
obtemperātum esse
|
—
|
obtemperātus
|
| —
|
obtemperātum fore
|
—
|
—
|
| obtemperātūrum fuisse
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
| obtemperandī
|
obtemperandō
|
obtemperandum
|
obtemperandō
|
obtemperātum
|
obtemperātū
|
1At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.
Usage notes
The term can be impersonal in the passive:
44 BCE,
Cicero,
De Officiis 1.35:
- In quo si mihi esset optemperatum, si non optimam, at aliquam rem publicam, quae nunc nulla est, haberemus.
- Translation by Walter Miller
- If my advice had been heeded on this point, we should still have at least some sort of constitutional government, if not the best in the world, whereas, as it is, we have none at all.
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- “obtempero”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “obtempero”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- obtempero in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Portuguese
Verb
obtempero
- first-person singular present indicative of obtemperar