Finnish
Etymology
From onge- + -lma, but the root is unclear.
Proposed etymologies
- From an earlier *ongelmo (“? branch, ? proverb”). Only attested in oblique cases (onkelmosta, onkelmoita) in the Kalevala. If so, perhaps related to onkalo (“pit”), dialectal ongertaa (“to dig in”).
- A neologism of an unknown origin. If so, probably from onki (“fishing rod”) whence also onkia (“to fish, to find information”) and dialectal ongitella (“to find information, to annoy”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈoŋːelmɑ/, [ˈo̞ŋːe̞lmɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -oŋːelmɑ
- Syllabification(key): on‧gel‧ma
- Hyphenation(key): on‧gel‧ma
Noun
ongelma
- problem, trouble, issue [with inessive ‘with’]
- Synonyms: pulma, probleema, probleemi, mutka, kommerrus
- problem, assignment
- Synonyms: pulma, probleema
- puzzle
- Synonyms: pulma, probleema
- (dialectal, rare) cavity on a tree
Declension
| first-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
ongelmani
|
ongelmani
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
ongelmani
|
ongelmani
|
| gen.
|
ongelmani
|
| genitive
|
ongelmani
|
ongelmieni
ongelmaini rare
|
| partitive
|
ongelmaani
|
ongelmiani
|
| inessive
|
ongelmassani
|
ongelmissani
|
| elative
|
ongelmastani
|
ongelmistani
|
| illative
|
ongelmaani
|
ongelmiini
|
| adessive
|
ongelmallani
|
ongelmillani
|
| ablative
|
ongelmaltani
|
ongelmiltani
|
| allative
|
ongelmalleni
|
ongelmilleni
|
| essive
|
ongelmanani
|
ongelminani
|
| translative
|
ongelmakseni
|
ongelmikseni
|
| abessive
|
ongelmattani
|
ongelmittani
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
ongelmineni
|
| second-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
ongelmasi
|
ongelmasi
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
ongelmasi
|
ongelmasi
|
| gen.
|
ongelmasi
|
| genitive
|
ongelmasi
|
ongelmiesi
ongelmaisi rare
|
| partitive
|
ongelmaasi
|
ongelmiasi
|
| inessive
|
ongelmassasi
|
ongelmissasi
|
| elative
|
ongelmastasi
|
ongelmistasi
|
| illative
|
ongelmaasi
|
ongelmiisi
|
| adessive
|
ongelmallasi
|
ongelmillasi
|
| ablative
|
ongelmaltasi
|
ongelmiltasi
|
| allative
|
ongelmallesi
|
ongelmillesi
|
| essive
|
ongelmanasi
|
ongelminasi
|
| translative
|
ongelmaksesi
|
ongelmiksesi
|
| abessive
|
ongelmattasi
|
ongelmittasi
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
ongelminesi
|
| first-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
ongelmamme
|
ongelmamme
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
ongelmamme
|
ongelmamme
|
| gen.
|
ongelmamme
|
| genitive
|
ongelmamme
|
ongelmiemme
ongelmaimme rare
|
| partitive
|
ongelmaamme
|
ongelmiamme
|
| inessive
|
ongelmassamme
|
ongelmissamme
|
| elative
|
ongelmastamme
|
ongelmistamme
|
| illative
|
ongelmaamme
|
ongelmiimme
|
| adessive
|
ongelmallamme
|
ongelmillamme
|
| ablative
|
ongelmaltamme
|
ongelmiltamme
|
| allative
|
ongelmallemme
|
ongelmillemme
|
| essive
|
ongelmanamme
|
ongelminamme
|
| translative
|
ongelmaksemme
|
ongelmiksemme
|
| abessive
|
ongelmattamme
|
ongelmittamme
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
ongelminemme
|
| second-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
ongelmanne
|
ongelmanne
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
ongelmanne
|
ongelmanne
|
| gen.
|
ongelmanne
|
| genitive
|
ongelmanne
|
ongelmienne
ongelmainne rare
|
| partitive
|
ongelmaanne
|
ongelmianne
|
| inessive
|
ongelmassanne
|
ongelmissanne
|
| elative
|
ongelmastanne
|
ongelmistanne
|
| illative
|
ongelmaanne
|
ongelmiinne
|
| adessive
|
ongelmallanne
|
ongelmillanne
|
| ablative
|
ongelmaltanne
|
ongelmiltanne
|
| allative
|
ongelmallenne
|
ongelmillenne
|
| essive
|
ongelmananne
|
ongelminanne
|
| translative
|
ongelmaksenne
|
ongelmiksenne
|
| abessive
|
ongelmattanne
|
ongelmittanne
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
ongelminenne
|
| third-person possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
ongelmansa
|
ongelmansa
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
ongelmansa
|
ongelmansa
|
| gen.
|
ongelmansa
|
| genitive
|
ongelmansa
|
ongelmiensa
ongelmainsa rare
|
| partitive
|
ongelmaansa
|
ongelmiaan
ongelmiansa
|
| inessive
|
ongelmassaan
ongelmassansa
|
ongelmissaan
ongelmissansa
|
| elative
|
ongelmastaan
ongelmastansa
|
ongelmistaan
ongelmistansa
|
| illative
|
ongelmaansa
|
ongelmiinsa
|
| adessive
|
ongelmallaan
ongelmallansa
|
ongelmillaan
ongelmillansa
|
| ablative
|
ongelmaltaan
ongelmaltansa
|
ongelmiltaan
ongelmiltansa
|
| allative
|
ongelmalleen
ongelmallensa
|
ongelmilleen
ongelmillensa
|
| essive
|
ongelmanaan
ongelmanansa
|
ongelminaan
ongelminansa
|
| translative
|
ongelmakseen
ongelmaksensa
|
ongelmikseen
ongelmiksensa
|
| abessive
|
ongelmattaan
ongelmattansa
|
ongelmittaan
ongelmittansa
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
ongelmineen
ongelminensa
|
|
Derived terms
References
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
Further reading