proces

Borrowed from Latin processus or German Prozess.

• IPA^(key): [ˈprot͡sɛs]

• Audio:

  (file)

proces m inan

1. process

• See cese

• děj

• “proces”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “proces”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “proces”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

Borrowed ultimately from Latin prōcessus (“process, progress, progression”).

proces c (singular definite processen, plural indefinite processer)

1. process

• forløb

• “proces” in Den Danske Ordbog

From Middle Dutch proces, from Old French procés (“journey”), from Latin processus, past participle of procedo.

• IPA^(key): /proːˈsɛs/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: pro‧ces
• Rhymes: -ɛs

proces n (plural processen, diminutive procesje n)

1. a process, sequential proceeding
2. (law) a trial, court case, lawsuit

• (process) procedure
• (law) rechtsgeding, rechtszaak

• Afrikaans: proses
• → Indonesian: proses (“process”)
• → Indonesian: acara (“trial; court exam”) (semantic loan)
• → Papiamentu: proces (dated)
• → West Frisian: proses

procēs

1. second-person singular present active subjunctive of procō

proces oblique singular, m (oblique plural proces, nominative singular proces, nominative plural proces)

1. alternative form of procés

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from German Prozess or French procès, ultimately from Latin prōcessus.^[1][2][3] First attested in the 16th century.^[4]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔt͡sɛs
• Syllabification: pro‧ces

proces m inan (diminutive procesik, related adjective procesowy)

1. process (series of events to produce a result)
2. (sciences) process (series of physical or chemical changes causally related to each other)
3. (law) trial (appearance at judicial court) [with o (+ accusative) ‘for what’ and przeciw (+ dative) ‘against whom’]

   Synonyms: postępowanie, przewód sądowy, rozprawa, sprawa

4. (computing) process (executable task or program)

• → Kashubian: proces

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), proces is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 84 times in scientific texts, 34 times in news, 67 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 4 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 195 times, making it the 283rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.^[5]

• proces in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• proces in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• “PROCES”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 12 June 2023
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “proces”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “proces”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1908), “proces”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw, page 1005

Borrowed from French procès, Italian processo, Latin processus. Cf. also purces, possibly an inherited doublet.

proces n (plural procese)

1. process
2. trial (in court)
3. lawsuit, legal case

• procesa
• proces verbal

• proceda
• procesiune

Borrowed ultimately from Latin processus; cf. French procès.

• IPA^(key): /prǒt͡ses/
• Hyphenation: pro‧ces

pròces m inan (Cyrillic spelling про̀цес)

1. process