sar

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sar"

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Saraveca.

Symbol

sar

(international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Saraveca.

Aromanian

Alternative forms

saru, ansar, ansaru

Etymology

From Latin saliō. Compare Romanian sări, sar.

Verb

sar first-singular present indicative (third-person singular present indicative sari or sare, past participle sãritã)

to jump, leap

Related terms

sãriri / sãrire
sãrit
arsar

Azerbaijani

Etymology

From Middle Mongol ᠰᠠᠷ (sar).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [sɑr]

Noun

sar (definite accusative sarı, plural sarlar)

common buzzard

Declension

Declension of *sar*
	singular	plural
nominative	sar	sarlar
definite accusative	sarı	sarları
dative	sara	sarlara
locative	sarda	sarlarda
ablative	sardan	sarlardan
definite genitive	sarın	sarların

Possessive forms of *sar*
	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	sarım	sarlarım
sənin (“your”)	sarın	sarların
onun (“his/her/its”)	sarı	sarları
bizim (“our”)	sarımız	sarlarımız
sizin (“your”)	sarınız	sarlarınız
onların (“their”)	sarı or sarları	sarları

	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	sarımı	sarlarımı
sənin (“your”)	sarını	sarlarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	sarını	sarlarını
bizim (“our”)	sarımızı	sarlarımızı
sizin (“your”)	sarınızı	sarlarınızı
onların (“their”)	sarını or sarlarını	sarlarını

	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	sarıma	sarlarıma
sənin (“your”)	sarına	sarlarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	sarına	sarlarına
bizim (“our”)	sarımıza	sarlarımıza
sizin (“your”)	sarınıza	sarlarınıza
onların (“their”)	sarına or sarlarına	sarlarına

	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	sarımda	sarlarımda
sənin (“your”)	sarında	sarlarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	sarında	sarlarında
bizim (“our”)	sarımızda	sarlarımızda
sizin (“your”)	sarınızda	sarlarınızda
onların (“their”)	sarında or sarlarında	sarlarında

	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	sarımdan	sarlarımdan
sənin (“your”)	sarından	sarlarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	sarından	sarlarından
bizim (“our”)	sarımızdan	sarlarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	sarınızdan	sarlarınızdan
onların (“their”)	sarından or sarlarından	sarlarından

	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	sarımın	sarlarımın
sənin (“your”)	sarının	sarlarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	sarının	sarlarının
bizim (“our”)	sarımızın	sarlarımızın
sizin (“your”)	sarınızın	sarlarınızın
onların (“their”)	sarının or sarlarının	sarlarının

Chuukese

Adjective

sar

over, finished

Daur

Etymology

From Proto-Mongolic *sara, compare Mongolian сар (sar).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sar/

Noun

sar

moon
Coordinate term: nar (“sun”)

Maltese

Root
s-j-r (becoming)
5 terms

Etymology

From Arabic صارَ (ṣāra).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /saːr/
Homophone: sahar
Rhymes: -aːr

Verb

sar (imperfect jsir, past participle misjur, verbal noun sajran)

(copulative) to become
Studjat il-Latin u saret għalliema. ― She studied Latin and became a teacher.
- 2022, Nadia Mifsud, meta tinfetaq il-folla, Ede Books, →ISBN:
  f’żarbun ġa ssikkat. irkiekel dahri
  tat-terrakotta － ’kk tmisshom,
  isiru frak. dil-belt tentakli waħedha －
  għoddha qalftitni fatat.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
(with imperfect verb) to come to; to start to
Sirt nifhem xi jfisser tkun fqir. ― I came to understand what it means to be poor.
(intransitive, of fruits) to ripen
(intransitive, of food) to be cooking; to become ready; to be in the oven, on the hob
Is-soppa qed issir. ― The soup is cooking.

Conjugation

Conjugation of **sar** (Form I)
positive forms
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
perfect	m	sirt	sirt	sar	sirna	sirtu	saru
perfect	f	sirt	sirt	saret	sirna	sirtu	saru
imperfect	m	nsir	ssir	jsir	nsiru	ssiru	jsiru
imperfect	f	nsir	ssir	ssir	nsiru	ssiru	jsiru
imperative			sir			siru

Middle English

Etymology

From Old English sār.

Noun

sar

alternative form of sore

Descendants

Scots: sare, sair
English: sore

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”). Compare Persian (sard, “cold”), Sanskrit शीत (śīta, “cold”), and English cold.

Adjective

sar (comparative sartir, superlative sartirîn)

cold

Northern Tujia

Pronunciation

(Longshan) IPA^(key): /sa˨˩/

Noun

sar

speech; word
language

Old Danish

Alternative forms

saar (Jutland)

Etymology

From Old Norse sár, from Proto-Germanic *sairą.

Noun

sār n (genitive sārs, plural sār)

(Scania) wound
- c. 1210, "Far horkarl sar", Scanian Law, chapter 216.
  Far horkarl sar innæn siangu mæþ annærs manz kunu […]
  If a male prostitute gets wounds in bed with another man's wife […]

Descendants

Danish: sår

Old English

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sɑːr/

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *sair, from Proto-Germanic *sairaz.

Adjective

sār

painful
- 10th century, The Wanderer:
  Þonne bēoð þȳ hefiġran · heortan benne,
  sāre æfter swǣsne. · Sorg bið ġenīwad,
  Then heart's wounds are heavier,
  painful after beloved. Sorrow is renewed
sore

Declension

Declension of sār — Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	sār	sār	sār
Accusative	sārne	sāre	sār
Genitive	sāres	sārre	sāres
Dative	sārum	sārre	sārum
Instrumental	sāre	sārre	sāre
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	sāre	sāra, sāre	sār
Accusative	sāre	sāra, sāre	sār
Genitive	sārra	sārra	sārra
Dative	sārum	sārum	sārum
Instrumental	sārum	sārum	sārum

Declension of sār — Weak

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	sāra	sāre	sāre
Accusative	sāran	sāran	sāre
Genitive	sāran	sāran	sāran
Dative	sāran	sāran	sāran
Instrumental	sāran	sāran	sāran
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	sāran	sāran	sāran
Accusative	sāran	sāran	sāran
Genitive	sārra, sārena	sārra, sārena	sārra, sārena
Dative	sārum	sārum	sārum
Instrumental	sārum	sārum	sārum

Derived terms

Descendants

Middle English: sore, sor, sar
- English: sore
- Geordie English: sair
- Scots: sair, sare

Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *sair, from Proto-Germanic *sairą.

Noun

sār n

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	sār	sār
accusative	sār	sār
genitive	sāres	sāra
dative	sāre	sārum

Descendants

Middle English: sore, sor, sar
- English: sore
- Scots: sair, sare

Old High German

Adverb

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sar

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse sárr, from Proto-Germanic *sairaz.

Adjective

sar

sore, aching
wounded

Declension

Declension of sār (strong)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	sār	sār	sārt
accusative	sāran	sāra	sārt
dative	sārum sārom	sārri sārre	sāru sāro
genitive	sārs	sārrar	sārs
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	sārir sārer	sārar	sār
accusative	sāra	sārar	sār
dative	sārum sārom	sārum sārom	sārum sārom
genitive	sārra sāra	sārra sāra	sārra sāra

Declension of sārer (weak)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	sār sār	sāra	sāra
accusative	sāra	sāru sāro	sāra
dative	sāra	sāru sāro	sāra
genitive	sāra	sāru sāro	sāra
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	sāru sāro	sāru sāro	sāru sāro
accusative	sāru sāro	sāru sāro	sāru sāro
dative	sāru sāro	sāru sāro	sāru sāro
genitive	sāru sāro	sāru sāro	sāru sāro

Romani

Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit सरओ (sarao), from Sanskrit सरत्रम् (saratram).^[1]

Adverb

sar

how? (interrogative)^[2]^[3]

References

^ Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “sar”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 255b
^ Marcel Courthiade (2009) “sar I”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 318b
^ Michael Beníšek (August 2020) “The Historical Origins of Romani”, in Yaron Matras, Anton Tenser, editors, The Palgrave Handbook of Romani Language and Linguistics, Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, pages 32-33

Romanian

Verb

sar

inflection of sări:
1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
2. third-person plural present indicative

Sumerian

Romanization

sar

romanization of 𒊬 (sar)

[1] Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “sar”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 255b

[2] Marcel Courthiade (2009) “sar I”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 318b

[3] Michael Beníšek (August 2020) “The Historical Origins of Romani”, in Yaron Matras, Anton Tenser, editors, The Palgrave Handbook of Romani Language and Linguistics, Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, pages 32-33

[1]

[2]

[3]

Translingual

Etymology

Symbol

See also

Aromanian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Verb

Related terms

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Further reading

Chuukese

Adjective

Daur

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Maltese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Middle English

Etymology

Noun

Descendants

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

Adjective

Northern Tujia

Pronunciation

Noun

Old Danish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Noun

Descendants

Old English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Adjective

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 2

Noun

Declension

Descendants

Old High German

Adverb

Old Swedish

Etymology

Adjective

Declension

Romani

Etymology

Adverb

References

Romanian

Verb

Sumerian

Romanization