sempurna

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay sempurna, from Sanskrit सम्पूर्ण (sampūrṇa, complete, entire, whole).

Pronunciation

  • (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /səmˈpurna/ [səmˈpur.na]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -urna
  • Syllabification: sem‧pur‧na

Adjective

sêmpurna (comparative lebih sempurna, superlative paling sempurna)

  1. perfect; flawless
  2. complete

Conjugation

Conjugation of sempurna (meng-, transitive)
root sempurna
active passive basic
imperative
emphatic
jussive
reflective1 ordinary
ordinary
nominative menyempurna sempurnalah
accusative / dative / locative menyempurnai tersempurnai disempurnai sempurnai sempurnailah
perfective causative / applicative2 menyempurnakan tersempurnakan disempurnakan sempurnakan sempurnakanlah
causative
nominative mempersempurna dipersempurna persempurnalah
accusative / dative / locative mempersempurnai dipersempurnai
perfective causative / applicative2 mempersempurnakan dipersempurnakan persempurnakan persempurnakanlah

1 There is another form of reflective passive verb with affixation of ke- -an which is not included in the table. This form is only attested in active voice without causative affixation of per-.
2 The -kan row is either causative or applicative. With transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning.
Some of these forms do not normally exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Derived terms

Further reading

Malay

Etymology

From Sanskrit सम्पूर्ण (sampūrṇa) from पूर्ण (pūrṇá, complete, entire, whole). Compare with purnama (full moon).

Pronunciation

  • Rhymes: -a

Adjective

sempurna (Jawi spelling سمڤورنا)

  1. perfect; complete; full
    Synonyms: genap, lengkap, kamil, penuh

Derived terms

References

  • Edi Sedyawati, Ellya Iswati, Kusparyati Boedhijono, Dyah Widjajanti D. (1994) Kosakata Bahasa Sanskerta dalam Bahasa Melayu Masa Kini, Jakarta, Indonesia: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, →ISBN, pages 268-9
  • Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “سمڤرن sĕmpoerna”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 32
  • Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “سمڤرن sĕmporna or sĕmpurna”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 406
  • Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “sĕmpurna”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume II, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 429