पूर्ण
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पूर्ण (pūrṇa).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /puːɾɳ/
Adjective
पूर्ण • (pūrṇ) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling پورن)
- complete, whole, entire
- Synonym: पूरा (pūrā)
- full
- Synonym: पूरा (pūrā)
- perfect
- Antonym: अपूर्ण (apūrṇ)
- absolute, total
- Synonym: निरपेक्ष (nirpekṣ)
- finished, accomplished
- plenary
- (grammar) perfective
- Antonym: अपूर्ण (apūrṇ)
Derived terms
- अपूर्ण (apūrṇ)
- दोषपूर्ण (doṣpūrṇ)
- त्रुटिपूर्ण (truṭipūrṇ)
Noun
पूर्ण • (pūrṇ) m
- a whole of something
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | पूर्ण pūrṇ |
पूर्ण pūrṇ |
| oblique | पूर्ण pūrṇ |
पूर्णों pūrṇõ |
| vocative | पूर्ण pūrṇ |
पूर्णो pūrṇo |
Konkani
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पूर्ण (pūrṇa).
Adjective
पूर्ण • (pūrṇ) (Latin script purnn, Kannada script ಪೂರ್ಣ)
Marathi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पूर्ण (pūrṇa).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /puɾ.ɳə/
Adjective
पूर्ण • (pūrṇa) (indeclinable)
Derived terms
- अपूर्ण (apūrṇa, “incomplete”)
- पूर्ण संख्या (pūrṇa saṅkhyā, “whole number”)
- पूर्णत्व (pūrṇatva, “completeness”)
- पूर्णांक (pūrṇāṅka, “integer”)
References
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “पूर्ण”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “पूर्ण”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “पूर्ण”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
Nepali
Alternative forms
- पुर्न (purna)
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पूर्ण (pūrṇa).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [purɽ̃ʌ]
- Phonetic Devanagari: पुर्ण
Adjective
पूर्ण • (pūrṇa)
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1931) “पूर्ण”, in A comparative and etymological dictionary of the Nepali language, London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- পূৰ্ণ (Assamese script)
- ᬧᬹᬃᬡ (Balinese script)
- পূর্ণ (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰳𑰨𑰿𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑀽𑀭𑁆𑀡 (Brahmi script)
- ပူရ်္ဏ (Burmese script)
- પૂર્ણ (Gujarati script)
- ਪੂਰ੍ਣ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑍂𑌰𑍍𑌣 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦹꦂꦟ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂴𑂩𑂹𑂝 (Kaithi script)
- ಪೂರ್ಣ (Kannada script)
- បូណ៌ (Khmer script)
- ປູຣ຺ຓ (Lao script)
- പൂര്ണ (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᡠᡠᡵᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘴𑘨𑘿𑘜 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠤᠤᠷᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧕𑧈𑧠𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐞 (Newa script)
- ପୂର୍ଣ (Odia script)
- ꢦꢹꢬ꣄ꢠ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑆷𑆫𑇀𑆟 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖳𑖨𑖿𑖜 (Siddham script)
- පූර්ණ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰𑩒𑩛𑩼 𑪙𑩪 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚱𑚤𑚶𑚘 (Takri script)
- பூர்ண (Tamil script)
- పూర్ణ (Telugu script)
- ปูรฺณ (Thai script)
- པཱུ་རྞ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑒴𑒩𑓂𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hnás (“full”), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (pərəna), Persian پر (por), Latin plēnus, Old Church Slavonic пльнъ (plĭnŭ), Lithuanian pilnas, English full). By surface analysis, from the root पॄ (pṝ) + -न (-ná).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /puːɾ.ɳɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /puːɾ.ɳɐ/
Adjective
पूर्ण • (pūrṇá) stem (root पॄ)
- full, filled, filled with, full of
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.112.6:
- इदं ते पात्रं सनवित्तमिन्द्र पिबा सोममेना शतक्रतो ।
पूर्ण आहावो मदिरस्य मध्वो यं विश्व इदभिहर्यन्ति देवाः ॥- idaṃ te pātraṃ sanavittamindra pibā somamenā śatakrato.
pūrṇa āhāvo madirasya madhvo yaṃ viśva idabhiharyanti devāḥ. - Found from of old is this thy cup, O Indra: Śatakratu, drink therefrom the Soma.
Filled is the beaker with the meath that gladdens, the beaker which all Deities delight in.
- idaṃ te pātraṃ sanavittamindra pibā somamenā śatakrato.
- इदं ते पात्रं सनवित्तमिन्द्र पिबा सोममेना शतक्रतो ।
- whole, entire, complete
- fulfilled, accomplished
- ended, completed, past, elapsed
- satisfied, contented
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पूर्णः (pūrṇáḥ) | पूर्णौ (pūrṇaú) पूर्णा¹ (pūrṇā́¹) |
पूर्णाः (pūrṇā́ḥ) पूर्णासः¹ (pūrṇā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | पूर्णम् (pūrṇám) | पूर्णौ (pūrṇaú) पूर्णा¹ (pūrṇā́¹) |
पूर्णान् (pūrṇā́n) |
| instrumental | पूर्णेन (pūrṇéna) | पूर्णाभ्याम् (pūrṇā́bhyām) | पूर्णैः (pūrṇaíḥ) पूर्णेभिः¹ (pūrṇébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | पूर्णाय (pūrṇā́ya) | पूर्णाभ्याम् (pūrṇā́bhyām) | पूर्णेभ्यः (pūrṇébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पूर्णात् (pūrṇā́t) | पूर्णाभ्याम् (pūrṇā́bhyām) | पूर्णेभ्यः (pūrṇébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पूर्णस्य (pūrṇásya) | पूर्णयोः (pūrṇáyoḥ) | पूर्णानाम् (pūrṇā́nām) |
| locative | पूर्णे (pūrṇé) | पूर्णयोः (pūrṇáyoḥ) | पूर्णेषु (pūrṇéṣu) |
| vocative | पूर्ण (pū́rṇa) | पूर्णौ (pū́rṇau) पूर्णा¹ (pū́rṇā¹) |
पूर्णाः (pū́rṇāḥ) पूर्णासः¹ (pū́rṇāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पूर्णा (pūrṇā́) | पूर्णे (pūrṇé) | पूर्णाः (pūrṇā́ḥ) |
| accusative | पूर्णाम् (pūrṇā́m) | पूर्णे (pūrṇé) | पूर्णाः (pūrṇā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | पूर्णया (pūrṇáyā) पूर्णा¹ (pūrṇā́¹) |
पूर्णाभ्याम् (pūrṇā́bhyām) | पूर्णाभिः (pūrṇā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | पूर्णायै (pūrṇā́yai) | पूर्णाभ्याम् (pūrṇā́bhyām) | पूर्णाभ्यः (pūrṇā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पूर्णायाः (pūrṇā́yāḥ) पूर्णायै² (pūrṇā́yai²) |
पूर्णाभ्याम् (pūrṇā́bhyām) | पूर्णाभ्यः (pūrṇā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पूर्णायाः (pūrṇā́yāḥ) पूर्णायै² (pūrṇā́yai²) |
पूर्णयोः (pūrṇáyoḥ) | पूर्णानाम् (pūrṇā́nām) |
| locative | पूर्णायाम् (pūrṇā́yām) | पूर्णयोः (pūrṇáyoḥ) | पूर्णासु (pūrṇā́su) |
| vocative | पूर्णे (pū́rṇe) | पूर्णे (pū́rṇe) | पूर्णाः (pū́rṇāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पूर्णम् (pūrṇám) | पूर्णे (pūrṇé) | पूर्णानि (pūrṇā́ni) पूर्णा¹ (pūrṇā́¹) |
| accusative | पूर्णम् (pūrṇám) | पूर्णे (pūrṇé) | पूर्णानि (pūrṇā́ni) पूर्णा¹ (pūrṇā́¹) |
| instrumental | पूर्णेन (pūrṇéna) | पूर्णाभ्याम् (pūrṇā́bhyām) | पूर्णैः (pūrṇaíḥ) पूर्णेभिः¹ (pūrṇébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | पूर्णाय (pūrṇā́ya) | पूर्णाभ्याम् (pūrṇā́bhyām) | पूर्णेभ्यः (pūrṇébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पूर्णात् (pūrṇā́t) | पूर्णाभ्याम् (pūrṇā́bhyām) | पूर्णेभ्यः (pūrṇébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पूर्णस्य (pūrṇásya) | पूर्णयोः (pūrṇáyoḥ) | पूर्णानाम् (pūrṇā́nām) |
| locative | पूर्णे (pūrṇé) | पूर्णयोः (pūrṇáyoḥ) | पूर्णेषु (pūrṇéṣu) |
| vocative | पूर्ण (pū́rṇa) | पूर्णे (pū́rṇe) | पूर्णानि (pū́rṇāni) पूर्णा¹ (pū́rṇā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
Descendants
- Pali: puṇṇa
- Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡 (puṇṇa)
- → Bengali: পূর্ণ (purno) (learned)
- → Hindi: पूर्ण (pūrṇ) (learned)
- → Kannada: ಪೂರ್ಣ (pūrṇa) (learned)
- → Konkani: पूर्ण (pūrṇa) (learned)
- → Marathi: पूर्ण (pūrṇa) (learned)
- → Nepali: पूर्ण (pūrṇa) (learned)
- → Punjabi: ਪੂਰਨ (pūran) (learned)
- → Telugu: పూర్ణము (pūrṇamu) (learned)
Further reading
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “pūrṇa”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.