tirti

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *térˀtei, *tírˀtei, probably from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₁yéti, a yé-present of Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (to thread, to rub) (some dialects show sta-present as well).

Akin to Proto-Slavic *terti (to rub, to scrape), *těrati (to seek), Latvian trĩt (to sharpen).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈt̪ʲɪr̺.t̪ʲɪ]

Verb

ti̇̀rti (third-person present tense ti̇̀ria, third-person past tense týrė)

  1. (transitive) to investigate, to explore, to research
    Synonym: tyrinė́ti
  2. (transitive) to examine, to check
    Synonym: ti̇̀krinti

Conjugation

Conjugation of tirti
singular vienaskaita plural daugiskaita
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
tu jis/ji mes jūs jie/jos
indicative present tiriù tiri̇̀ ti̇̀ra ti̇̀rame,
ti̇̀ram
ti̇̀rate,
ti̇̀rat
ti̇̀ra
past tyriaũ tyrei̇̃ týrė týrėme,
týrėm
týrėte,
týrėt
týrė
past frequentative ti̇̀rdavau ti̇̀rdavai ti̇̀rdavo ti̇̀rdavome,
ti̇̀rdavom
ti̇̀rdavote,
ti̇̀rdavot
ti̇̀rdavo
future ti̇̀rsiu ti̇̀rsi tir̃s ti̇̀rsime,
ti̇̀rsim
ti̇̀rsite,
ti̇̀rsit
tir̃s
subjunctive ti̇̀rčiau ti̇̀rtum ti̇̀rtų ti̇̀rtumėme,
ti̇̀rtumėm,
ti̇̀rtume
ti̇̀rtumėte,
ti̇̀rtumėt
ti̇̀rtų
imperative ti̇̀rk,
ti̇̀rki
teti̇̀ra ti̇̀rkime,
ti̇̀rkim
ti̇̀rkite,
ti̇̀rkit
teti̇̀ra
Participles of tirti
adjectival (dalyviai)
active passive
present ti̇̀rąs, ti̇̀rantis ti̇̀romas
past týręs ti̇̀rtas
past frequentative ti̇̀rdavęs
future ti̇̀rsiąs, ti̇̀rsiantis ti̇̀rsimas
participle of necessity ti̇̀rtinas
adverbial
special pusdalyvis ti̇̀rdamas
half-participle present ti̇̀rant
past týrus
past frequentative ti̇̀rdavus
future ti̇̀rsiant
manner of action būdinys tirtè, ti̇̀rtinai

Alternative forms

  • tyrė́ti (ė-conjugation)

Derived terms

Verbs:

  • apti̇̀rti
  • atiti̇̀rti
  • dati̇̀rti
    • išdati̇̀rti
  • išti̇̀rti
  • įpti̇̀rti
  • pati̇̀rti
    • išpati̇̀rti
  • pértirti
  • priti̇̀rti
  • suti̇̀rti

Nominals:

  • -tyra (-logy)
    • tyrinė́ti (to explore, to research)
    • tyrė́jas (explorer, researcher)
    • tyri̇̀mas (research)
  • tri̇̀nti (to rub)
  • tirtė́ti (to tremble, to shake)

References

  • tirti”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
  • tirti”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2025
  • tirti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012