život
Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Old Czech život, from Proto-Slavic *životъ (compare Old Church Slavonic животъ (životŭ), Russian живот (život), Serbo-Croatian život), probably from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wo-teh₂ (compare Lithuanian gyvatà (“life”), Sanskrit जीवित (jīvitá), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬊 (gaiio, “life”) (accusative 𐬘𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬙𐬎𐬨 (jiiātum))), Ancient Greek βῐ́οτος (bĭ́otos), Latin vīta, Old Irish bethu, bethad, Welsh bywyd), ultimately from *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”), compare *gʷih₃wós (“alive”). Related to žít (“to live”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈʒɪvot]
Audio: (file) - Hyphenation: ži‧vot
Noun
život m inan (relational adjective životní, diminutive živůtek)
Declension
Derived terms
- doživotně
- život není peříčko
Related terms
- See žít
Noun
život m inan (diminutive živůtek)
- (dated) clothes covering the breasts and the belly
- Šaty měly kratinký život a kratinké rukávy.
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- Na červených šatech má růžový přešívaný život.
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Declension
Further reading
- “život”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “život”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “život”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
Old Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *životъ, probably from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wo-teh₂, ultimately from *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”).
Pronunciation
Noun
život m inan
- life
- belly
- body
- býti u něčeho životem svým ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | život | životy | životi, životové |
| genitive | života, životu | životú | životóv |
| dative | životu | životoma | životóm |
| accusative | život | životy | životy |
| vocative | živote | životy | životi, životové |
| locative | životě, životu | životú | životiech |
| instrumental | životem | životoma | životy |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Related terms
Descendants
- Czech: život
Further reading
- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “život”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *životъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʒǐʋot/
- Hyphenation: ži‧vot
Noun
žìvot m inan (Cyrillic spelling жѝвот)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | žìvot | živòti |
| genitive | živòta | živótā |
| dative | živòtu | živòtima |
| accusative | žìvot | živòte |
| vocative | žȉvote | živòti / žȉvoti |
| locative | živòtu | živòtima |
| instrumental | živòtom | živòtima |
Related terms
Slovak
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *životъ (compare Old Church Slavonic животъ (životŭ), Russian живот (život), Serbo-Croatian život), probably from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wo-teh₂ (compare Lithuanian gyvatà (“life”)). Related to žiť (“to live”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈʒivɔt]
Noun
život m inan (diminutive živôtik or živôtček)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | život | životy |
| genitive | života | životov |
| dative | životu | životom |
| accusative | život | životy |
| locative | živote | životoch |
| instrumental | životom | životmi |
Derived terms
- živôtik
- doživotie
- životopis
- životopisec
Related terms
Further reading
- “život”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025