νίκη
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
The origin is uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *neyk- (“to attack, run at”) and cognate with νεῖκος (neîkos, “quarrel, strife”), Lithuanian ap-ni̇̀kti (“to attack”); however, Beekes is semantically unconvinced, and prefers to take the word as Pre-Greek.[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /nǐː.kɛː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈni.ke̝/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈni.ci/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈni.ci/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈni.ci/
Noun
νῑ́κη • (nī́kē) f (genitive νῑ́κης); first declension
- the act of winning: victory, success [with genitive ‘over, in something’]
- things won in victory, fruits of victory
- the upper hand, advantage
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ νῑ́κη hē nī́kē |
τὼ νῑ́κᾱ tṑ nī́kā |
αἱ νῖκαι hai nîkai | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς νῑ́κης tês nī́kēs |
τοῖν νῑ́καιν toîn nī́kain |
τῶν νῑκῶν tôn nīkôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ νῑ́κῃ tēî nī́kēi |
τοῖν νῑ́καιν toîn nī́kain |
ταῖς νῑ́καις taîs nī́kais | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν νῑ́κην tḕn nī́kēn |
τὼ νῑ́κᾱ tṑ nī́kā |
τᾱ̀ς νῑ́κᾱς tā̀s nī́kās | ||||||||||
| Vocative | νῑ́κη nī́kē |
νῑ́κᾱ nī́kā |
νῖκαι nîkai | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | νῑ́κη nī́kē |
νῑ́κᾱ nī́kā |
νῖκαι nîkai | ||||||||||
| Genitive | νῑ́κης nī́kēs |
νῑ́καιν / νῑ́καιῐν / νῑ́κῃῐν nī́kai(ĭ)n / nī́kēiĭn |
νῑκᾱ́ων / νῑκέ͜ων / νῑκῶν nīkā́ōn / nīké͜ōn / nīkôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | νῑ́κῃ nī́kēi |
νῑ́καιν / νῑ́καιῐν / νῑ́κῃῐν nī́kai(ĭ)n / nī́kēiĭn |
νῑ́κῃσῐ / νῑ́κῃσῐν / νῑ́κῃς / νῑ́καις nī́kēisĭ(n) / nī́kēis / nī́kais | ||||||||||
| Accusative | νῑ́κην nī́kēn |
νῑ́κᾱ nī́kā |
νῑ́κᾱς nī́kās | ||||||||||
| Vocative | νῑ́κη nī́kē |
νῑ́κᾱ nī́kā |
νῖκαι nîkai | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἀνίκητος (aníkētos)
- Θεσσαλονίκη (Thessaloníkē)
- νῑκαῖος (nīkaîos)
- νῑκάω (nīkáō)
- νῑκήεις (nīkḗeis)
- νῑκηφορέω (nīkēphoréō)
- νῑκηφορία (nīkēphoría)
- νῑκηφόρος (nīkēphóros)
- Νικόπολις (Nikópolis)
Given names derived from νίκη (níkē)
- Ἀγλαονίκη (Aglaoníkē)
- Ἀνδρόνικος (Andrónikos)
- Βερενίκη (Bereníkē)
- Δημονίκη (Dēmoníkē)
- Ἐτεόνικος (Eteónikos)
- Εὐνίκη (Euníkē)
- Νίκανδρος (Níkandros)
- Νίκη (Níkē)
- Νικήρατος (Nikḗratos)
- Νικίππη (Nikíppē)
- Νικόδημος (Nikódēmos)
- Νικοκλῆς (Nikoklês)
- Νικόλαος (Nikólaos)
- Νικόλας (Nikólas)
- Νικολέτα (Nikoléta)
- Νικολέττα (Nikolétta)
- Νικολής (Nikolḗs)
- Νικόμαχος (Nikómakhos)
- Νικομήδης (Nikomḗdēs)
- Νίκος (Níkos)
- Νικόστρατος (Nikóstratos)
- Στρᾰτονῑ́κη (Strătonī́kē)
- Φερενίκη (Phereníkē)
Descendants
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “νῑ́κη”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1021-2
Further reading
- “νίκη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “νίκη”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “νίκη”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- νίκη in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- G3529 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- conquest idem, page 161.
- mastery idem, page 517.
- superiority idem, page 839.
- triumph idem, page 896.
- victory idem, page 951.
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- νίκη, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
Greek
Noun
νίκη • (níki) f (plural νίκες)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | νίκη (níki) | νίκες (níkes) |
| genitive | νίκης (níkis) | νικών (nikón) |
| accusative | νίκη (níki) | νίκες (níkes) |
| vocative | νίκη (níki) | νίκες (níkes) |
Derived terms
- νικώ (nikó, “to defeat”)
- νικητής m (nikitís, “winner, victor”)
- νικήτρια f (nikítria, “winner, victor”)
- νικηφόρος (nikifóros, “victorious”)
- νικητήριος (nikitírios, “winning”)