קדם

• ܩܕܡ
• 𐡒𐡃𐡌 (qdm)

From the root Proto-Semitic *q-d-m (“to precede, come before”). Compare Arabic قَدَمَ (qadama), Hebrew קדם and Classical Syriac ܩܕܡ.

קדם • (qəḏam)

1. to precede, to come before

• קדומים

קֳדָם • (qŏḏām)

1. before, in front of

• בתר

• “qdm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature‎^[1], London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press

From the root Proto-Semitic *q-d-m (“to precede, come before”). Compare Arabic قَدَمَ (qadama) and Classical Syriac ܩܕܡ.

• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈqɛ.ðɛm/ (Noun)
• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /qɔːˈðam/ (Verb 1)
• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /qă.ðam/ (Prefix)
• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /qidˈdeːm/ (Verb 2)
• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈqoː.ðɛm/ (Preposition)

• Audio:

  (file)

קֶדֶם • (kédem) m [pattern: קֶטֶל]

1. front
2. (Biblical Hebrew) east (the direction of the earth's rotation, specifically 90°)
   • Tanach, Genesis 12:8, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     וַיַּעְתֵּק מִשָּׁם הָהָרָה מִקֶּדֶם לְבֵית־אֵל וַיֵּט אָהֳלֹה בֵּית־אֵל מִיָּם וְהָעַי מִקֶּדֶם וַיִּבֶן־שָׁם מִזְבֵּחַ לַיהוָה וַיִּקְרָא בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה׃

     vaya'ték mishám hahára mikédem l'veit-'él vayét 'oholó beit-'él miyám v'ha'áy mikédem vayiven-shám mizbéakh laYHVH vayikrá b'shém YHVH.
     wayyaʿtēq miššām hāhā́rā miqqéḏem ləḇēṯ-ʾēl wayyēṭ ʾohŏlō bēṯ-ʾēl miyyām wəhāʿay miqqéḏem wayyiḇen-šām mizbḗaḥ laYHWH wayyiqrā bəšēm YHWH.

     And he removed from thence unto the mountain on the east of Beth-el, and pitched his tent, having Beth-el on the west, and Ai on the east; and he builded there an altar unto the LORD, and called upon the name of the LORD.

3. ancient times
   • Tanach, Lamentations 5:21, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     הֲשִׁיבֵנוּ יְהוָה אֵלֶיךָ ונשוב (וְנָשׁוּבָה) חַדֵּשׁ יָמֵינוּ כְּקֶדֶם׃

     hashivénu YHVH 'elékha v'nashúva khadésh yaméinu k'kédem.
     hăšīḇḗnū YHWH ʾēléḵā wənāšū́ḇā ḥaddēš yāmḗnū kəqéḏem.

     Turn Thou us unto Thee, O LORD, and we shall be turned; renew our days as of old.

• (compass point) מזרח

• (compass point) יָם (yám) (archaic)
• (compass point) מערב (ma'aráv)

• קִדְמִי (kidmí)

• H6924 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

קָדַם • (kadám) (pa'al construction)

1. to precede, to come before

קְדַם־ • (kdám-)

1. pre-

קִדֵּם • (kidém) (pi'el construction)

1. defective spelling of קידם.

קֹדֶם • (kódem)

1. defective spelling of קודם.