שם

Hebrew

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Root
שׁ־ו־ם (sh-w-m)
2 terms

From Proto-Semitic *šim-, from Proto-Afroasiatic *sim- (“name”). Cognate with Arabic اسم (ism, “name”) and Aramaic שְׁמָא (šəmā).

Noun

שֵׁם • (shem) m (plural indefinite שֵׁמוֹת, singular construct שֵׁם־, plural construct שְׁמוֹת־)

  1. a name
  2. a first name
Declension
Declension of שֵׁם
isolated forms with possessive pronouns
Number: State: form Person: singular plural
m f m f
singular indefinite שֵׁם first שְׁמִי שְׁמֵנוּ
definite הַשֵּׁם second שִׁמְךָ שְׁמֵךְ שִׁמְכֶם שִׁמְכֶן
construct שֵׁם־ third שְׁמוֹ שְׁמָהּ שְׁמָם שְׁמָן
plural indefinite שֵׁמוֹת first שמותיי / שְׁמוֹתַי שְׁמוֹתֵינוּ
definite הַשֵּׁמוֹת second שְׁמוֹתֶיךָ שמותייך / שְׁמוֹתַיִךְ שְׁמוֹתֵיכֶם שְׁמוֹתֵיכֶן
construct שְׁמוֹת־ third שְׁמוֹתָיו שְׁמוֹתֶיהָ שְׁמוֹתָם שְׁמוֹתָן
Derived terms
Further reading

Etymology 2

Compare Arabic ثَمَّ (ṯamma). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Adverb

שָׁם • (sham)

  1. there (somewhere at some distance from the speaker)
Antonyms
Derived terms
Further reading

Etymology 3

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Proper noun

שֵׁם • (shem) m

  1. (biblical) Shem
Derived terms
References

Etymology 4

Root
שׂ־י־ם (s-y-m)
3 terms

Compare Ge'ez ሤመ (śemä, “to appoint, to put”).

Verb

שָׂם • (sam) (pa'al construction, future יָשִׂים)

  1. to put, place
  2. to turn on (music, television, radio, etc.)
  3. to put on, don (clothing, shoes, etc.)
Conjugation
Conjugation of שָׂם (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
non-finite forms to-infinitive לָשִׂים
action noun שִׂימָה
finite forms singular plural
m f m f
past first שַׂמְתִּי שַׂמְנוּ
second שַׂמְתָּ שַׂמְתְּ שַׂמְתֶּם שַׂמְתֶּן
third שָׂם שָׂמָה שָׂמוּ
present שָׂם שָׂמָה שָׂמִים שָׂמוֹת
future first אָשִׂים נָשִׂים
second תָּשִׂים תָּשִׂימִי תָּשִׂימוּ תָּשֵׂמְנָה1
third יָשִׂים תָּשִׂים יָשִׂימוּ תָּשֵׂמְנָה1
imperative שִׂים שִׂימִי שִׂימוּ שֵׂמְנָה1

1 Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Synonyms
Derived terms
Further reading

Etymology 5

Root
שׁ־ו־ם (sh-w-m)
2 terms

Verb

שָׁם • (sham) (pa'al construction)

  1. to assess, appraise: (determined value).
Conjugation
Conjugation of שָׁם (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
non-finite forms to-infinitive לָשׁוּם
action noun שׁוּמָה
finite forms singular plural
m f m f
past first שַׁמְתִּי שַׁמְנוּ
second שַׁמְתָּ שַׁמְתְּ שַׁמְתֶּם שַׁמְתֶּן
third שָׁם שָׁמָה שָׁמוּ
present שָׁם שָׁמָה שָׁמִים שָׁמוֹת
future first אָשׁוּם נָשׁוּם
second תָּשׁוּם תָּשׁוּמִי תָּשׁוּמוּ תשומנה / תָּשֹׁמְנָה1
third יָשׁוּם תָּשׁוּם יָשׁוּמוּ תשומנה / תָּשֹׁמְנָה1
imperative שׁוּם שׁוּמִי שׁוּמוּ שומנה / שֹׁמְנָה1

1 Rare in Modern Hebrew.

References

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