آرد
Ottoman Turkish
Alternative forms
- آرت (art)
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ārt (“back”); cognate with Bashkir арт (art) and Southern Altai арт (art).
Noun
آرد • (ard)
- back, the rear of the body from the neck to the end of the spine
- back, the side of an object which is opposite the front side
- Synonym: آرقه (arka)
- the supplying pipe or hopper of a mill, that regulates the supply of grist
Derived terms
- آرد قپو (ard kapu, “backdoor”)
- آردی كسلمك (ardı kesilmek, “to cease and discontinue”)
Descendants
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “art”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 300
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “آرد”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 21b
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “آرد”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 13a
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Tergum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[3], Vienna, column 1663
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “آرد”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[4], Vienna, column 137
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “art”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “آرد”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 64
Persian
Etymology 1
From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (KHMA /ārd/, “flour”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥Htás (“ground”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂l̥h₁-tós (“ground”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬴𐬀 (aṣ̌a, “ground”), Hindi आटा (āṭā, “flour”), Old Armenian աղամ (ałam, “to grind”), Ancient Greek ἀλέω (aléō, “to grind”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ˈʔaːɾd/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɑːɹd̪]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɒːɹd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɔɹd̪]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | ārd |
| Dari reading? | ārd |
| Iranian reading? | ârd |
| Tajik reading? | ord |
Noun
| Dari | آرد |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | орд |
آرد • (ârd)
Alternative forms
- آرت (ârt) (dialectal, Yazd, Eqlid, Isfahan)
Further reading
- Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “آرد”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
- Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “آرد”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
Etymology 2
Contraction of Classical Persian آورد (āwarad).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ˈʔaː.ɾad/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɑ́ː.ɾäd̪]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɒ́ː.ɹæd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔɔ́.ɾäd̪]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | ārad |
| Dari reading? | ārad |
| Iranian reading? | ârad |
| Tajik reading? | 'orad |
Verb
آرد • (ârad)
- poetic third-person singular non-past of آوردن (âvardan)