ارس
Brahui
Etymology
Cognate with Gondi [script needed] (īṛs-, “to comb the hair”), Kurukh [script needed] (ircnā, “to scratch and turn over”), Sawriya Paharia [script needed] (irce, “to scratch the ground”). Bray instead suggests a connection to Tamil உரி (uri, “peel, scratch”). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
اِرِس or اِرَس (iris or iras)
References
- Bray, Denys (1934) “iris”, in The Brahui Language[1], Calcutta, India: Superintendent Government Printing, Part II: The Brāhūī Problem; Part III: Etymological Vocabulary, page 145
- Burrow, T., Emeneau, M. B. (1984) “493”, in A Dravidian etymological dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN.
Brokskat
Verb
اَرِس (aris)
- to get, to fetch
Persian
Etymology 1
From Middle Persian 𐫀𐫡𐫘 (ʾrs /ars/, “tear”), from Proto-Iranian *Hácru (“tear”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćru (“tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱru (“tear”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ˈʔaɾs/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʔäɹs]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔæɹs]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔäɹs]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | ars |
| Dari reading? | ars |
| Iranian reading? | ars |
| Tajik reading? | ars |
Noun
ارس • (ars)
Etymology 2
From Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbwrs /aburs/), borrowed from Northwestern Iranian, from Proto-Iranian *hampr̥sā, which has also been inherited as Middle Persian *abuhl, Persian وهل (vohl), ابل (abol), بل (bol), whence via Arabic ابهل (abhol, obhol). Also passed from two Turkic forms as اردج (ardej, “juniper”) and آرچه (ârča). With a suffix to first forms also in برسان (barsân, bersân, “a kind of dark-coloured odoriferous syrup”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ˈʔuɾs/, /ʔa.ˈɾis/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʔʊɹs], [ʔɪ.ɾʊs]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔoɹs]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔuɹs]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | urs, aris |
| Dari reading? | urs, irus |
| Iranian reading? | ors |
| Tajik reading? | urs |
Noun
ارس • (classical urs, aris, iranian ors)
- juniper
- Synonym: سرو کوهی (sarv-e kuhi)
Alternative forms
Etymology 3
Ultimately from Proto-Iranian *Raxsā- (“swift-flowing”), akin to Sanskrit रङ्घते (raṅghate, “to hasten, run”). Compare Old Armenian Երասխ (Erasx), Ancient Greek Ἀράξης (Aráxēs), Old Georgian რახსი (raxsi), Iranian borrowings.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ʔa.ˈɾas/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ʔä.ɾǽs]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔæ.ɹǽs]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔä.ɾǽs]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | aras |
| Dari reading? | aras |
| Iranian reading? | aras |
| Tajik reading? | aras |
Proper noun
ارس • (aras)
Etymology 4
Perhaps from Byzantine Greek οἱ Ῥῶς (hoi Rhôs, “Rus”).
Pronunciation
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔo.ɹós]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Iranian reading? | oros |
Proper noun
ارس • (oros)
Further reading
- Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “ارس”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
- Durkin-Meisterernst, Desmond (2004) “ʾbwrs”, in A Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum; 3.1), Turnhout: Brepols, page 15
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “ارس”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
- Vullers, Johann August (1855) “ارس”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum[2] (in Latin), volume I, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 79b