ترنج

Arabic

Alternative forms

أُتْرُنْج (ʔutrunj), أُتْرُجّ (ʔutrujj)

Etymology

أُتْرُنْج (ʔutrunj) with epenthesis instead of prothesis.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tu.rund͡ʒ/
(Baḥrain) IPA^(key): /trind͡ʒ/

Noun

تُرُنْج • (turunj) m (collective, singulative تُرُنْجَة f (turunja))

citron (Citrus medica fruit and tree)
mandorla, citrus-shape for a center-medallion, or the medallion itself

Declension

Declension of noun **تُرُنْج** (turunj)
collective	basic collective triptote
collective	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	تُرُنْج turunj	التُّرُنْج at-turunj	تُرُنْج turunj
nominative	تُرُنْجٌ turunjun	التُّرُنْجُ at-turunju	تُرُنْجُ turunju
accusative	تُرُنْجًا turunjan	التُّرُنْجَ at-turunja	تُرُنْجَ turunja
genitive	تُرُنْجٍ turunjin	التُّرُنْجِ at-turunji	تُرُنْجِ turunji
singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
singulative	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	تُرُنْجَة turunja	التُّرُنْجَة at-turunja	تُرُنْجَة turunjat
nominative	تُرُنْجَةٌ turunjatun	التُّرُنْجَةُ at-turunjatu	تُرُنْجَةُ turunjatu
accusative	تُرُنْجَةً turunjatan	التُّرُنْجَةَ at-turunjata	تُرُنْجَةَ turunjata
genitive	تُرُنْجَةٍ turunjatin	التُّرُنْجَةِ at-turunjati	تُرُنْجَةِ turunjati
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	تُرُنْجَتَيْن turunjatayn	التُّرُنْجَتَيْن at-turunjatayn	تُرُنْجَتَيْ turunjatay
nominative	تُرُنْجَتَانِ turunjatāni	التُّرُنْجَتَانِ at-turunjatāni	تُرُنْجَتَا turunjatā
accusative	تُرُنْجَتَيْنِ turunjatayni	التُّرُنْجَتَيْنِ at-turunjatayni	تُرُنْجَتَيْ turunjatay
genitive	تُرُنْجَتَيْنِ turunjatayni	التُّرُنْجَتَيْنِ at-turunjatayni	تُرُنْجَتَيْ turunjatay
paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
paucal (3-10)	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	تُرُنْجَات turunjāt	التُّرُنْجَات at-turunjāt	تُرُنْجَات turunjāt
nominative	تُرُنْجَاتٌ turunjātun	التُّرُنْجَاتُ at-turunjātu	تُرُنْجَاتُ turunjātu
accusative	تُرُنْجَاتٍ turunjātin	التُّرُنْجَاتِ at-turunjāti	تُرُنْجَاتِ turunjāti
genitive	تُرُنْجَاتٍ turunjātin	التُّرُنْجَاتِ at-turunjāti	تُرُنْجَاتِ turunjāti

Derived terms

تُرُنْجِيّ (turunjiyy)
تُرُنْجَان (turunjān)

Descendants

→ Amharic: ትርንጎ (tərəngo)
→ Middle Armenian: թուրինջ (tʻurinǰ)
- Armenian: թուրինջ (tʻurinǰ)
→ Catalan: taronja
→ Ge'ez: ትርንጐ (tərəngʷä)
→ Middle Georgian: თურინჯი (turinǯi)
- Georgian: თურინჯი (turinǯi), თრუნჯი (trunǯi)
→ Persian: ترنج (toronj)
→ Portuguese: toranja, toronja
→ Spanish: toronja
→ Sicilian: taroccu
→ Tigre: ትርንጎ (tərəngo), ትሩንጎ (tərungo)
→ Tigrinya: ትርንጒ (tərəngʷi)
→ Ottoman Turkish: ترنج (turunç, türünç), تورونج (turunç, türünç), تورنج (turunç, türünç)
- Turkish: turunç

Baluchi

Noun

ترنج • (trunj)

citron

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

تورونج (turunç, türünç), تورنج (turunç, türünç)

Etymology

From Arabic تُرُنْج (turunj).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [tuˈɾunt͡ʃ], [tʏˈɾʏnt͡ʃ]

Noun

ترنج • (turunç, türünç)

bitter orange

Related terms

ترنجی (türünci, turuncu)

Descendants

Turkish: turunç

References

Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “ترنج”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[1], Vienna, column 1162
Zenker, Julius Theodor (1866) “ترنج”, in Türkisch-arabisch-persisches Handwörterbuch, volume 1 (overall work in German and French), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 280

Persian

FWOTD – 25 May 2017

Etymology

From Arabic تُرُنْج (turunj), itself from Old Persian [script needed] (turung) via Aramaic, ultimately from Sanskrit मातुलुङ्ग (mātuluṅga).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /tu.ˈɾund͡ʒ/, /tu.ˈɾand͡ʒ/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰʊ.ɾʊnd͡ʒ], [t̪ʰʊ.ɾänd͡ʒ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰʊ.ɾʊnd͡ʒ], [t̪ʰʊ.ɾänd͡ʒ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰu.ɾund͡ʒ̥], [t̪ʰu.ɾänd͡ʒ̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰo.ɹond͡ʒ̥], [t̪ʰo.ɹænd͡ʒ̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰu.ɾund͡ʒ], [t̪ʰu.ɾänd͡ʒ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	turunj, turanj
Dari reading^?	turunj, turanj
Iranian reading^?	toronj, toranj
Tajik reading^?	turunj, turanj

Noun

ترنج • (classical turunj, turanj, iranian toronj, toranj)

citron (fruit)
Synonym: بادرنگ (bâdrang)
(art) medallion created using rich arabesque patterns usually found in some artworks, especially that of a (Persian) carpet, an illuminated manuscript, or in Islamic tiles
- Resalat Newspaper, [2]
  ترنج باید در مرکز فرش قرار گیرد
  toranj bâyad dar markaz-e farš qarâr girad
  The medallion should be placed in the center of carpet [...]
- Goljaam Quarterly [3]
  بررسی نقش نمادین ترنج در فرش ایرانی
  barresi-ye naqš-e namâdin-e toranj dar farš-e irâni
  On the Symbolic Role of Medallion in Persian Carpet

Derived terms

ترنجیدن (classical turunjîdan, iranian toronjidan)
ترنجی (classical turunjî, iranian toronji)

Descendants

→ Gujarati: તુરુંજ (turuñj), તુરંજ (turañj)

References

Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “ترنج”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
بررسي ريشه شناختي چند فعل هورامي