का

Bagheli

Etymology

From Sanskrit किम् (kim). Cognate to Hindi क्या (kyā).

Pronoun

का (kā)

  1. what

Hindi

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /kɑː/, [käː]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Hindi का (kā), कौ (kau), केरा (kerā), कर (kara),[1] from Apabhramsa केर (kera) from Prakrit केर (kera), which could be used in conjunction with the genitive case to indicate relation or possession.[2] Ultimately from Sanskrit कार्य (kāryá, “to be done”), whence also काज (kāj, “task”) and कार्य (kārya, “work”). Related to the -रा (-rā) suffix in मेरा (merā), तेरा (terā), etc. Cognate with Nepali -को (-ko), Gujarati કેરું (kerũ), Romani kero, and Old Awadhi केर (kera) / के (ke). See Prakrit केर (kera) for more.

Alternatively, from another derivative of Sanskrit कृ (kṛ, “to do”), like कृत (kṛta, “done”). Dasa also suggests -क (-ka, diminutive suffix).

Postposition

का • (kā) (Urdu spelling کا)[3][4][5]

  1. marks the genitive case: -'s, of, belonging to
    राम का भाई ― rām kā bhāī ― Ram's brother
    उसका दोस्त ― uskā dost ― his friend
    सोनिया की घड़ी ― soniyā kī ghaṛī ― Soniya's watch
  2. part of, originating from
    हाथ की उंगली ― hāth kī uṅglī ― finger of the hand
    संतरे का रस ― santre kā ras ― orange juice (literally, “juice of orange”)
  3. made of, consisting of
    लोहे की तलवार ― lohe kī talvār ― an iron sword
  4. worth, useful
    क्या यह कोई कहने की बात है?
    kyā yah koī kahne kī bāt hai?
    Is this something that is worth saying?
  5. (colloquial) marks the prospective case
    वह नहीं कहने का। ― vah nahī̃ kahne kā. ― He's not going to talk.
  6. (in the oblique) forms compound postpositions
    के दौरान ― ke daurān ― during
    की तरफ़ ― kī taraf ― facing
Usage notes
  • का is a possessive postposition in Hindi to show relationships with people and things, and in many cases it can be translated as a Saxon genitive, as possession would be used in English.
  • Some pronoun genitive forms change का into रा, e.x. मेरा (merā, “my”).
  • It also forms a large number of compound postpositions such as के साथ (ke sāth, “with”), के पीछे (ke pīche, “behind”), की तरफ़ (kī taraf, “facing”), etc.
Declension
Declension of का (ā-stem)
masculine feminine
singular plural singular plural
direct का
kā 		के
ke 		की
kī 		की
kī
oblique के
ke 		के
ke 		की
kī 		की
kī
vocative के
ke 		के
ke 		की
kī 		की
kī

Etymology 2

Compare क्या (kyā).

Pronoun

का • (kā)[3]

  1. (dialectal) alternative form of क्या (kyā); what

References

  1. ^ Jaroslav Strnad (2013) Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī : Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr Vānī Poems From Rājasthān (Brill's Indological Library; 45), Leiden, →OCLC
  2. ^ Masica, Colin P. (1993) The Indo-Aryan Languages (Cambridge Language Surveys), Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 243
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “का”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
  4. ^ Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “का”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
  5. ^ Bahri, Hardev (1989) “का”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

Marathi

Alternative forms

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ka/
  • Audio:(file)

Adverb

का • (kā)

  1. why
    Synonyms: कशाने (kaśāne), कशामुळे (kaśāmuḷe)
    हे तू का केलेस?
    he tū kā keles?
    Why did you do this?

Conjunction

का • (kā)

  1. or

Particle

का • (kā)

  1. final interrogative particle to form a yes-no question
    तुम्ही दिल्लीचे का?
    tumhī dillīce kā?
    Are you from Delhi?

See also

References

  • Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “का”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
  • Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “का”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

Pronoun

का f

  1. Devanagari script form of kā (“who (f.)”)

Declension

Declension table of "का" (feminine)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)का (kā)कायो (kāyo) or का (kā)
Accusative (second)कं (kaṃ)कायो (kāyo) or का (kā)
Instrumental (third)काय (kāya)काहि (kāhi) or काभि (kābhi)
Dative (fourth)काय (kāya) or कस्सा (kassā)कासं (kāsaṃ) or कासानं (kāsānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)काय (kāya)काहि (kāhi) or काभि (kābhi)
Genitive (sixth)काय (kāya) or कस्सा (kassā)कासं (kāsaṃ) or कासानं (kāsānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)काय (kāya) or कायं (kāyaṃ)कासु (kāsu)

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts
  • কা (Assamese script)
  • ᬓᬵ (Balinese script)
  • কা (Bengali script)
  • 𑰎𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀓𑀸 (Brahmi script)
  • ကာ (Burmese script)
  • કા (Gujarati script)
  • ਕਾ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌕𑌾 (Grantha script)
  • ꦏꦴ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂍𑂰 (Kaithi script)
  • ಕಾ (Kannada script)
  • កា (Khmer script)
  • ກາ (Lao script)
  • കാ (Malayalam script)
  • ᡬᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘎𑘰 (Modi script)
  • ᢉᠠ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑦮𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐎𑐵 (Newa script)
  • କା (Odia script)
  • ꢒꢵ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆑𑆳 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖎𑖯 (Siddham script)
  • කා (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑩜𑩛 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚊𑚭 (Takri script)
  • கா (Tamil script)
  • కా (Telugu script)
  • กา (Thai script)
  • ཀཱ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒏𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨋𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronoun

का • (kā)

  1. (interrogative) inflection of किम् (kim, “who”):
    1. nominative singular feminine
    2. sandhi form of nominative/accusative plural feminine

Sheshi Kham

Alternative forms

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-kʷəj-n.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kɐ/

Noun

का (transliteration needed)

  1. dog

Yamphu

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ka.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

का (kā)

  1. I, me

References

  • “का”, in याम्फु - नेपाली - अङ्ग्रेजी शब्दकोश (Yamphu - Nepali - English Dictionary), Nepal: SIL International, 2019.
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