थरथराना

Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit थरथराय (tharatharāya, root). Ultimately, a reduplication. Compare Punjabi ਥਰਥਰਾਉਣਾ (thartharāuṇā) / تھرتھراؤݨا (thrthrā'oṇā), Gujarati થરથરવું (thartharvũ), Marathi थरथरणे (thartharṇe).

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /t̪ʰəɾ.t̪ʰə.ɾɑː.nɑː/, [t̪ʰɐɾ.t̪ʰɐ.ɾäː.näː]

Verb

थरथराना • (thartharānā) (intransitive, Urdu spelling تَھرْتَھرَانَا)

to shake, shiver, quake
आवाज़ सुनते मेरा शरीर थरथरा उठा।
āvāz sunte merā śarīr thartharā uṭhā.
On hearing the sound I began to tremble.

Conjugation

Impersonal forms of

Undeclined
Stem		थरथरा thartharā
Infinitive		थरथराना thartharānā
Oblique Infinitive		थरथराने thartharāne
Conjunctive		थरथराकर, थरथराके thartharākar, thartharāke
Progressive		थरथराते-थरथराते thartharāte-thartharāte
Participles
		dir m s	m p obl m s	f s	f p
Infinitive		थरथराना thartharānā	थरथराने thartharāne	थरथरानी thartharānī	थरथरानीं thartharānī̃
Habitual		थरथराता thartharātā	थरथराते thartharāte	थरथराती thartharātī	थरथरातीं thartharātī̃
Perfective		थरथराया thartharāyā	थरथराये¹ thartharāye¹	थरथरायी¹ thartharāyī¹	थरथरायीं¹ thartharāyī̃¹
Prospective Agentive		थरथरानेवाला thartharānevālā	थरथरानेवाले thartharānevāle	थरथरानेवाली thartharānevālī	थरथरानेवालीं thartharānevālī̃
Adjectival	Perfective	थरथराया हुआ thartharāyā huā	थरथराये हुए¹ thartharāye hue¹	थरथरायी हुई¹ thartharāyī huī¹	थरथरायी हुईं¹ thartharāyī huī̃¹
Adjectival	Habitual	थरथराता हुआ thartharātā huā	थरथराते हुए thartharāte hue	थरथराती हुई thartharātī huī	थरथराती हुईं thartharātī huī̃

¹The participles थरथराये (thartharāye), थरथरायी (thartharāyī) and थरथरायीं (thartharāyī̃) can also be spelled without the y: थरथराए (thartharāe), थरथराई (thartharāī) and थरथराईं (thartharāī̃).

Personal forms of

Non-Aspectual
			Singular			Plural
			1^st मैं	2^nd तू	3^rd यह/वह, ये/वो	2^nd तुम	1^st हम	3^rd, 2^nd ये/वो/वे, आप
Indicative	PERF	m	थरथराया thartharāyā			थरथराये¹ thartharāye¹
	PERF	f	थरथरायी¹ thartharāyī¹				थरथरायीं¹ thartharāyī̃¹
	FUT	m	थरथराऊँगा thartharāūṅgā	थरथरायेगा⁴ thartharāyegā⁴		थरथराओगे thartharāoge	थरथरायेंगे⁴ thartharāyeṅge⁴
	FUT	f	थरथराऊँगी thartharāūṅgī	थरथरायेगी⁴ thartharāyegī⁴		थरथराओगी thartharāogī	थरथरायेंगी⁴ thartharāyeṅgī⁴
Subjunctive	FUT	m f	थरथराऊँ thartharāū̃	थरथराये² thartharāye²		थरथराओ thartharāo	थरथरायें² thartharāyẽ²
Contrafactual	PST	m	थरथराता thartharātā			थरथराते thartharāte
Contrafactual	PST	f	थरथराती thartharātī				थरथरातीं thartharātī̃
Imperative	PRS	m f		थरथरा thartharā		थरथराओ thartharāo		थरथराइये³ thartharāiye³
Imperative	FUT	m f		थरथराइयो thartharāiyo		थरथराना thartharānā		थरथराइयेगा³ thartharāiyegā³
Habitual Aspect
Indicative	PRS	m	थरथराता हूँ thartharātā hū̃	थरथराता है thartharātā hai		थरथराते हो thartharāte ho	थरथराते हैं thartharāte ha͠i
	PRS	f	थरथराती हूँ thartharātī hū̃	थरथराती है thartharātī hai		थरथराती हो thartharātī ho	थरथराती हैं thartharātī ha͠i
	PST	m	थरथराता था thartharātā thā			थरथराते थे thartharāte the
	PST	f	थरथराती थी thartharātī thī				थरथराती थीं thartharātī thī̃
Presumptive	PRS PST	m	थरथराता हूँगा thartharātā hūṅgā	थरथराता होगा thartharātā hogā		थरथराते होगे thartharāte hoge	थरथराते होंगे thartharāte hoṅge
Presumptive	PRS PST	f	थरथराती हूँगी thartharātī hūṅgī	थरथराती होगी thartharātī hogī		थरथराती होगी thartharātī hogī	थरथराती होंगी thartharātī hoṅgī
Subjunctive	PRS	m	थरथराता हूँ thartharātā hū̃	थरथराता हो thartharātā ho		थरथराते हो thartharāte ho	थरथराते हों thartharāte hõ
Subjunctive	PRS	f	थरथराती हूँ thartharātī hū̃	थरथराती हो thartharātī ho		थरथराती हो thartharātī ho	थरथराती हों thartharātī hõ
Contrafactual	PST	m	थरथराता होता thartharātā hotā			थरथराते होते thartharāte hote
Contrafactual	PST	f	थरथराती होती thartharātī hotī				थरथराती होतीं thartharātī hotī̃
Perfective Aspect
			Singular			Plural
			1^st मैं	2^nd तू	3^rd यह/वह, ये/वो	2^nd तुम	1^st हम	3^rd, 2^nd ये/वो/वे, आप
Indicative	PRS	m	थरथराया हूँ thartharāyā hū̃	थरथराया है thartharāyā hai		थरथराये हो¹ thartharāye ho¹	थरथराये हैं¹ thartharāye ha͠i¹
	PRS	f	थरथरायी हूँ¹ thartharāyī hū̃¹	थरथरायी है¹ thartharāyī hai¹		थरथरायी हो¹ thartharāyī ho¹	थरथरायी हैं¹ thartharāyī ha͠i¹
	PST	m	थरथराया था thartharāyā thā			थरथराये थे¹ thartharāye the¹
	PST	f	थरथरायी थी¹ thartharāyī thī¹				थरथरायी थीं¹ thartharāyī thī̃¹
	FUT	m	थरथराया हूँगा thartharāyā hūṅgā	थरथराया होगा thartharāyā hogā		थरथराये होगे¹ thartharāye hoge¹	थरथराये होंगे¹ thartharāye hoṅge¹
	FUT	f	थरथरायी हूँगी¹ thartharāyī hūṅgī¹	थरथरायी होगी¹ thartharāyī hogī¹		थरथरायी होगी¹ thartharāyī hogī¹	थरथरायी होंगी¹ thartharāyī hoṅgī¹
Presumptive	PRS PST	m	थरथराया हूँगा thartharāyā hūṅgā	थरथराया होगा thartharāyā hogā		थरथराये होगे¹ thartharāye hoge¹	थरथराये होंगे¹ thartharāye hoṅge¹
Presumptive	PRS PST	f	थरथरायी हूँगी¹ thartharāyī hūṅgī¹	थरथरायी होगी¹ thartharāyī hogī¹		थरथरायी होगी¹ thartharāyī hogī¹	थरथरायी होंगी¹ thartharāyī hoṅgī¹
Subjunctive	PRS	m	थरथराया हूँ thartharāyā hū̃	थरथराया हो thartharāyā ho		थरथराये हो¹ thartharāye ho¹	थरथराये हों¹ thartharāye hõ¹
	PRS	f	थरथरायी हूँ¹ thartharāyī hū̃¹	थरथरायी हो¹ thartharāyī ho¹		थरथरायी हो¹ thartharāyī ho¹	थरथरायी हों¹ thartharāyī hõ¹
	FUT	m	थरथराया होऊँ thartharāyā hoū̃	थरथराया होए thartharāyā hoe		थरथराये होओ¹ thartharāye hoo¹	थरथराये होएँ¹ thartharāye hoẽ¹
	FUT	f	थरथरायी होऊँ¹ thartharāyī hoū̃¹	थरथरायी होए¹ thartharāyī hoe¹		थरथरायी होओ¹ thartharāyī hoo¹	थरथरायी होएँ¹ thartharāyī hoẽ¹
Contrafactual	PST	m	थरथराया होता thartharāyā hotā			थरथराये होते¹ thartharāye hote¹
Contrafactual	PST	f	थरथरायी होती¹ thartharāyī hotī¹				थरथरायी होतीं¹ thartharāyī hotī̃¹
Progressive Aspect
Indicative	PRS	m	थरथरा रहा हूँ thartharā rahā hū̃	थरथरा रहा है thartharā rahā hai		थरथरा रहे हो thartharā rahe ho	थरथरा रहे हैं thartharā rahe ha͠i
	PRS	f	थरथरा रही हूँ thartharā rahī hū̃	थरथरा रही है thartharā rahī hai		थरथरा रही हो thartharā rahī ho	थरथरा रही हैं thartharā rahī ha͠i
	PST	m	थरथरा रहा था thartharā rahā thā			थरथरा रहे थे thartharā rahe the
	PST	f	थरथरा रही थी thartharā rahī thī				थरथरा रही थीं thartharā rahī thī̃
	FUT	m	थरथरा रहा हूँगा thartharā rahā hūṅgā	थरथरा रहा होगा thartharā rahā hogā		थरथरा रहे होगे thartharā rahe hoge	थरथरा रहे होंगे thartharā rahe hoṅge
	FUT	f	थरथरा रही हूँगी thartharā rahī hūṅgī	थरथरा रही होगी thartharā rahī hogī		थरथरा रही होगी thartharā rahī hogī	थरथरा रही होंगी thartharā rahī hoṅgī
Presumptive	PRS PST FUT	m	थरथरा रहा हूँगा thartharā rahā hūṅgā	थरथरा रहा होगा thartharā rahā hogā		थरथरा रहे होगे thartharā rahe hoge	थरथरा रहे होंगे thartharā rahe hoṅge
Presumptive	PRS PST FUT	f	थरथरा रही हूँगी thartharā rahī hūṅgī	थरथरा रही होगी thartharā rahī hogī		थरथरा रही होगी thartharā rahī hogī	थरथरा रही होंगी thartharā rahī hoṅgī
Subjunctive	PRS	m	थरथरा रहा हूँ thartharā rahā hū̃	थरथरा रहा हो thartharā rahā ho		थरथरा रहे हो thartharā rahe ho	थरथरा रहे हों thartharā rahe hõ
	PRS	f	थरथरा रही हूँ thartharā rahī hū̃	थरथरा रही हो thartharā rahī ho		थरथरा रही हो thartharā rahī ho	थरथरा रही हों thartharā rahī hõ
	FUT	m	थरथरा रहा होऊँ thartharā rahā hoū̃	थरथरा रहा होए thartharā rahā hoe		थरथरा रहे होओ thartharā rahe hoo	थरथरा रहे होएँ thartharā rahe hoẽ
	FUT	f	थरथरा रही होऊँ thartharā rahī hoū̃	थरथरा रही होए thartharā rahī hoe		थरथरा रही होओ thartharā rahī hoo	थरथरा रही होएँ thartharā rahī hoẽ
Contrafactual	PST	m	थरथरा रहा होता thartharā rahā hotā			थरथरा रहे होते thartharā rahe hote
Contrafactual	PST	f	थरथरा रही होती thartharā rahī hotī				थरथरा रही होतीं thartharā rahī hotī̃
			1^st मैं	2^nd तू	3^rd यह/वह, ये/वो	2^nd तुम	1^st हम	3^rd, 2^nd ये/वो/वे, आप
			Singular			Plural

¹The participles थरथराये (thartharāye), थरथरायी (thartharāyī) and थरथरायीं (thartharāyī̃) can also be spelled without the y: थरथराए (thartharāe), थरथराई (thartharāī) and थरथराईं (thartharāī̃).
²The forms थरथराये (thartharāye) and थरथरायें (thartharāyẽ) can also be spelled without the y: थरथराए (thartharāe) and थरथराएँ (thartharāẽ).
³The forms थरथरािये (thartharāiye) and थरथराियेगा (thartharāiyegā) can also be spelled without the y: थरथरािए (thartharāie) and थरथरािएगा (thartharāiegā).
⁴The forms थरथरायेगा (thartharāyegā), थरथरायेंगे (thartharāyeṅge), थरथरायेगी (thartharāyegī) and थरथरायेंगी (thartharāyeṅgī) can also be spelled without the y: थरथराएगा (thartharāegā), थरथराएँगे (thartharāeṅge), थरथराएगी (thartharāegī) and थरथराएँगी (thartharāeṅgī).

References

McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “थरथराना”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*thar”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press