स्थल
See also: स्थल्
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit स्थल (sthala).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /st̪ʰəl/, [st̪ʰɐl]
- Rhymes: -əl
Noun
स्थल • (sthal) m
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | स्थल sthal |
स्थल sthal |
| oblique | स्थल sthal |
स्थलों sthalõ |
| vocative | स्थल sthal |
स्थलो sthalo |
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- স্থল (Assamese script)
- ᬲ᭄ᬣᬮ (Balinese script)
- স্থল (Bengali script)
- 𑰭𑰿𑰞𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀲𑁆𑀣𑀮 (Brahmi script)
- သ္ထလ (Burmese script)
- સ્થલ (Gujarati script)
- ਸ੍ਥਲ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌸𑍍𑌥𑌲 (Grantha script)
- ꦱ꧀ꦡꦭ (Javanese script)
- 𑂮𑂹𑂟𑂪 (Kaithi script)
- ಸ್ಥಲ (Kannada script)
- ស្ថល (Khmer script)
- ສ຺ຖລ (Lao script)
- സ്ഥല (Malayalam script)
- ᠰᡨᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘭𑘿𑘞𑘩 (Modi script)
- ᠰᠲᠠᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧍𑧠𑦾𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐳𑑂𑐠𑐮 (Newa script)
- ସ୍ଥଲ (Odia script)
- ꢱ꣄ꢢꢭ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆱𑇀𑆡𑆬 (Sharada script)
- 𑖭𑖿𑖞𑖩 (Siddham script)
- ස්ථල (Sinhalese script)
- 𑪁 𑪙𑩬𑩽 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚨𑚶𑚚𑚥 (Takri script)
- ஸ்த²ல (Tamil script)
- స్థల (Telugu script)
- สฺถล (Thai script)
- སྠ་ལ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨰𑩇𑨚𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- or *stel-. However, Mayrhofer considers this semantically unconvincing, and prefers to link the word to Proto-Indo-European *sterh₁- (“to be stiff”), whence German starr (“rigid”). The root स्थल् (sthal, “to stand, to be firm”) is probably a back-formation from the noun.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /stʰɐ́.lɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /s̪t̪ʰɐ.l̪ɐ/
Noun
स्थल • (sthála) stem, n
- dry land (opp. to damp low-land), firm earth (opp. to water)
- ground, soil, place, spot
- a flat surface, roof (of a palace)
- situation, circumstance, case
- तथाविध-स्थले ― tathāvidha-sthale ― in such a case
- topic, subject
- text
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | स्थलम् (sthálam) | स्थले (sthále) | स्थलानि (sthálāni) स्थला¹ (sthálā¹) |
| accusative | स्थलम् (sthálam) | स्थले (sthále) | स्थलानि (sthálāni) स्थला¹ (sthálā¹) |
| instrumental | स्थलेन (sthálena) | स्थलाभ्याम् (sthálābhyām) | स्थलैः (sthálaiḥ) स्थलेभिः¹ (sthálebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | स्थलाय (sthálāya) | स्थलाभ्याम् (sthálābhyām) | स्थलेभ्यः (sthálebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | स्थलात् (sthálāt) | स्थलाभ्याम् (sthálābhyām) | स्थलेभ्यः (sthálebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | स्थलस्य (sthálasya) | स्थलयोः (sthálayoḥ) | स्थलानाम् (sthálānām) |
| locative | स्थले (sthále) | स्थलयोः (sthálayoḥ) | स्थलेषु (stháleṣu) |
| vocative | स्थल (sthála) | स्थले (sthále) | स्थलानि (sthálāni) स्थला¹ (sthálā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
Descendants
- → Gujarati: સ્થળ (sthaḷ)
- → Hindi: स्थल (sthal)
- → Marathi: स्थळ (sthaḷ)
- → Malayalam: സ്ഥലം (sthalaṁ), തളം (taḷaṁ) — tadbhava
- → Tamil: தலம் (talam), ஸ்தலம் (stalam) — tatsama
- → Telugu: స్థలము (sthalamu)
Noun
स्थल • (sthala) stem, m
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | स्थलः (sthalaḥ) | स्थलौ (sthalau) स्थला¹ (sthalā¹) |
स्थलाः (sthalāḥ) स्थलासः¹ (sthalāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | स्थलम् (sthalam) | स्थलौ (sthalau) स्थला¹ (sthalā¹) |
स्थलान् (sthalān) |
| instrumental | स्थलेन (sthalena) | स्थलाभ्याम् (sthalābhyām) | स्थलैः (sthalaiḥ) स्थलेभिः¹ (sthalebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | स्थलाय (sthalāya) | स्थलाभ्याम् (sthalābhyām) | स्थलेभ्यः (sthalebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | स्थलात् (sthalāt) | स्थलाभ्याम् (sthalābhyām) | स्थलेभ्यः (sthalebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | स्थलस्य (sthalasya) | स्थलयोः (sthalayoḥ) | स्थलानाम् (sthalānām) |
| locative | स्थले (sthale) | स्थलयोः (sthalayoḥ) | स्थलेषु (sthaleṣu) |
| vocative | स्थल (sthala) | स्थलौ (sthalau) स्थला¹ (sthalā¹) |
स्थलाः (sthalāḥ) स्थलासः¹ (sthalāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “स्थल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 1261/3, 1262/1.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 764
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary][2] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 525