ẹni
See also: Appendix:Variations of "eni"
Yoruba
Etymology 1
Proposed to have derived from Proto-Yoruboid *ɔ́-nɪ̃ (of which the Central Yoruba form maintains the same form), compare with Arigidi ẹ̀nẹn, Igbo onye, Igala ẹ́nẹ.
Possibly equivalent to ẹ- (“nominalizing prefix”) + ni (“to be”), literally “That which exists”
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛ̄.nĩ̄/
Noun
ẹni
Synonyms
| Yoruba varieties and languages: ẹni (“person, one”) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| view map; edit data | |||||
| Language family | Variety group | Variety/language | Subdialect | Location | Words |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ào | Ìdóàní | ọni | |
| Eastern Àkókó | Ìkàrẹ́ | Ìkàrẹ́ Àkókó (Ùkàrẹ́) | ọnà | ||
| Ìdànrè (Ùdànè, Ùdànrè) | Ìdànrè (Ùdànè, Ùdànrè) | ọnẹ | |||
| Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú Òde | ọni | ||
| Rẹ́mọ | Ẹ̀pẹ́ | ọni | |||
| Ìkòròdú | ọni | ||||
| Ṣágámù | ọni | ||||
| Ìkálẹ̀ (Ùkálẹ̀) | Òkìtìpupa | ọnẹ | |||
| Ìlàjẹ (Ùlàjẹ) | Mahin | ọnẹ | |||
| Oǹdó | Oǹdó | ọnẹ | |||
| Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀) | Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀) | ọnẹ | |||
| Usẹn | Usẹn | ọnẹ, ẹnẹ | |||
| Ìtsẹkírì | Ìwẹrẹ | ọnẹ | |||
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Èkìtì | Àdó Èkìtì | ọnị |
| Àkúrẹ́ | Àkúrẹ́ | ọnị | |||
| Mọ̀bà | Ọ̀tùn Èkìtì | ọnị | |||
| Western Àkókó | Ọ̀gbàgì Àkókó | ọni | |||
| Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | Èbúté Mẹ́tà | ẹni | ||
| Ẹ̀gbá | Abẹ́òkúta | ẹni | |||
| Èkó | Èkó | ẹni | |||
| Ìbàdàn | Ìbàdàn | ẹni | |||
| Ìbàràpá | Igbó Òrà | ẹni | |||
| Ìbọ̀lọ́ | Òṣogbo (Òsogbo) | ẹni | |||
| Ìlọrin | Ìlọrin | ẹni | |||
| Oǹkó | Òtù | ẹni | |||
| Ìwéré Ilé | ẹni | ||||
| Òkèhò | ẹni | ||||
| Ìsẹ́yìn | ẹni | ||||
| Ṣakí | ẹni | ||||
| Tedé | ẹni | ||||
| Ìgbẹ́tì | ẹni | ||||
| Ọ̀yọ́ | Ọ̀yọ́ | ẹni | |||
| Standard Yorùbá | Nàìjíríà | ẹni | |||
| Bɛ̀nɛ̀ | ɛni | ||||
| Northeast Yoruba/Okun | Owé | Kabba | ọni | ||
| Ede languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ìdàácà | Benin | Igbó Ìdàácà (Dasa Zunmɛ̀) | ɔni | |
| Ifɛ̀ | Akpáré | ɛnɛ | |||
| Atakpamɛ | ɛnɛ | ||||
| Tchetti (Tsɛti, Cɛti) | ɛnɛ | ||||
| Kura | Aledjo-Koura | ɛni | |||
| Awotébi | ɛni | ||||
| Partago | ɛni | ||||
| Note: This amalgamation of terms comes from a number of different academic papers focused on the unique varieties and languages spoken in the Yoruboid dialectal continuum which extends from eastern Togo to southern Nigeria. The terms for spoken varieties, now deemed dialects of Yorùbá in Nigeria (i.e. Southeast Yorùbá, Northwest Yorùbá, Central Yorùbá, and Northeast Yorùbá), have converged with those of Standard Yorùbá leading to the creation of what can be labeled Common Yorùbá (Funṣọ Akere, 1977). It can be assumed that the Standard Yorùbá term can also be used in most Nigerian varieties alongside native terms, especially amongst younger speakers. This does not apply to the other Nigerian Yoruboid languages of Ìṣẹkírì and Olùkùmi, nor the Èdè Languages of Benin and Togo. | |||||
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Compare with Ifè aní, Itsekiri ẹní, Olukumi ẹní
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛ̄.nĩ́/
Noun
ẹní
Synonyms
Yoruba varieties (straw mat)
| Language Family | Variety Group | Variety | Words |
|---|---|---|---|
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀bú | ẹní |
| Ìkálẹ̀ | - | ||
| Ìlàjẹ | - | ||
| Oǹdó | - | ||
| Ọ̀wọ̀ | - | ||
| Usẹn | - | ||
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | ení |
| Ifẹ̀ | - | ||
| Ìgbómìnà | - | ||
| Ìjẹ̀ṣà | - | ||
| Western Àkókó | - | ||
| Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | ẹní | |
| Ẹ̀gbá | - | ||
| Ìbàdàn | ẹní | ||
| Òǹkò | - | ||
| Ọ̀yọ́ | ẹní | ||
| Standard Yorùbá | ẹní | ||
| Northeast Yoruba/Okun | Ìbùnú | - | |
| Ìjùmú | - | ||
| Ìyàgbà | - | ||
| Owé | aní | ||
| Ọ̀wọ̀rọ̀ | - |
Derived terms
- ẹlẹ́ní (“mat seller”)
Etymology 3
Cognate with Itsekiri ẹnẹ (“we, us, our”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛ̄.nĩ̄/
Determiner
ẹni
Pronoun
ọ̀wọn
See also
| subject | object1 | emphatic | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| affirmative | negative | ||||
| singular | 1st person | mo | mèé | mi | èmi |
| 2nd person | wo | wé | ẹ | ìwọ | |
| 3rd person | ó, é | [pronoun dropped] | [preceding vowel repeated for monosyllabic verbs] / ẹ̀ | òwun, òun | |
| plural | 1st person | a | á | ẹni | àwa |
| 2nd person | wẹn | wẹ́n | wẹn | ẹ̀wẹn | |
| 3rd person | wọ́n | wọn | wọn | ọ̀wọn | |
1 Object pronouns have a high tone following a low or mid tone monosyllabic verb, and a mid tone following a high tone. For complex verbs, the tone does not change.