ἄπειρος
See also: άπειρος
Ancient Greek
Etymology 1
From ἀ- (a-, “not”) + πεῖρα (peîra, “trial, attempt”). Compare with Latin peritus.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /á.peː.ros/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈa.pi.ros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈa.pi.ros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈa.pi.ros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈa.pi.ros/
Adjective
ᾰ̓́πειρος • (ắpeiros) m or f (neuter ᾰ̓́πειρον); second declension
- without trial or experience, not used to, ignorant of, unacquainted with
- 6th century BC, Theognis of Megara, Elegies 1007
- (absolute) inexperienced, ignorant
Inflection
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||
| Nominative | ᾰ̓́πειρος ắpeiros |
ᾰ̓́πειρον ắpeiron |
ᾰ̓πείρω ăpeírō |
ᾰ̓πείρω ăpeírō |
ᾰ̓́πειροι ắpeiroi |
ᾰ̓́πειρᾰ ắpeiră | ||||||||
| Genitive | ᾰ̓πείρου ăpeírou |
ᾰ̓πείρου ăpeírou |
ᾰ̓πείροιν ăpeíroin |
ᾰ̓πείροιν ăpeíroin |
ᾰ̓πείρων ăpeírōn |
ᾰ̓πείρων ăpeírōn | ||||||||
| Dative | ᾰ̓πείρῳ ăpeírōi |
ᾰ̓πείρῳ ăpeírōi |
ᾰ̓πείροιν ăpeíroin |
ᾰ̓πείροιν ăpeíroin |
ᾰ̓πείροις ăpeírois |
ᾰ̓πείροις ăpeírois | ||||||||
| Accusative | ᾰ̓́πειρον ắpeiron |
ᾰ̓́πειρον ắpeiron |
ᾰ̓πείρω ăpeírō |
ᾰ̓πείρω ăpeírō |
ᾰ̓πείρους ăpeírous |
ᾰ̓́πειρᾰ ắpeiră | ||||||||
| Vocative | ᾰ̓́πειρε ắpeire |
ᾰ̓́πειρον ắpeiron |
ᾰ̓πείρω ăpeírō |
ᾰ̓πείρω ăpeírō |
ᾰ̓́πειροι ắpeiroi |
ᾰ̓́πειρᾰ ắpeiră | ||||||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| ᾰ̓πείρως ăpeírōs |
ᾰ̓πειρότερος ăpeiróteros |
ᾰ̓πειρότᾰτος ăpeirótătos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Synonyms
- ἀπείρητος (apeírētos)
Etymology 2
From ἀ- (a-, “not”) + πεῖραρ (peîrar), πέρας (péras, “end, limit”).
Alternative forms
- ᾰ̓πείρων (ăpeírōn)
- ᾰ̓πειρέσῐος (ăpeirésĭos)
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /á.peː.ros/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈa.pi.ros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈa.pi.ros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈa.pi.ros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈa.pi.ros/
Adjective
ᾰ̓́πειρος • (ắpeiros) m or f (neuter ᾰ̓́πειρον); second declension
Inflection
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||
| Nominative | ᾰ̓́πειρος ắpeiros |
ᾰ̓́πειρον ắpeiron |
ᾰ̓πείρω ăpeírō |
ᾰ̓πείρω ăpeírō |
ᾰ̓́πειροι ắpeiroi |
ᾰ̓́πειρᾰ ắpeiră | ||||||||
| Genitive | ᾰ̓πείρου ăpeírou |
ᾰ̓πείρου ăpeírou |
ᾰ̓πείροιν ăpeíroin |
ᾰ̓πείροιν ăpeíroin |
ᾰ̓πείρων ăpeírōn |
ᾰ̓πείρων ăpeírōn | ||||||||
| Dative | ᾰ̓πείρῳ ăpeírōi |
ᾰ̓πείρῳ ăpeírōi |
ᾰ̓πείροιν ăpeíroin |
ᾰ̓πείροιν ăpeíroin |
ᾰ̓πείροις ăpeírois |
ᾰ̓πείροις ăpeírois | ||||||||
| Accusative | ᾰ̓́πειρον ắpeiron |
ᾰ̓́πειρον ắpeiron |
ᾰ̓πείρω ăpeírō |
ᾰ̓πείρω ăpeírō |
ᾰ̓πείρους ăpeírous |
ᾰ̓́πειρᾰ ắpeiră | ||||||||
| Vocative | ᾰ̓́πειρε ắpeire |
ᾰ̓́πειρον ắpeiron |
ᾰ̓πείρω ăpeírō |
ᾰ̓πείρω ăpeírō |
ᾰ̓́πειροι ắpeiroi |
ᾰ̓́πειρᾰ ắpeiră | ||||||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| ᾰ̓πείρως ăpeírōs |
ᾰ̓πειρότερος ăpeiróteros |
ᾰ̓πειρότᾰτος ăpeirótătos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Descendants
Etymology 3
See ἤπειρος (ḗpeiros).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ǎː.peː.ros/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈa.pi.ros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈa.pi.ros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈa.pi.ros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈa.pi.ros/
Noun
ᾱ̓́πειρος • (ā́peiros) m (genitive ᾱ̓πείρου); second declension
Declension
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ ᾱ̓́πειρος ho ā́peiros |
τὼ ᾱ̓πείρω tṑ āpeírō |
οἱ ᾱ̓́πειροι hoi ā́peiroi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ ᾱ̓πείρου toû āpeírou |
τοῖν ᾱ̓πείροιν toîn āpeíroin |
τῶν ᾱ̓πείρων tôn āpeírōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ ᾱ̓πείρῳ tōî āpeírōi |
τοῖν ᾱ̓πείροιν toîn āpeíroin |
τοῖς ᾱ̓πείροις toîs āpeírois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν ᾱ̓́πειρον tòn ā́peiron |
τὼ ᾱ̓πείρω tṑ āpeírō |
τοὺς ᾱ̓πείρους toùs āpeírous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | ᾱ̓́πειρε ā́peire |
ᾱ̓πείρω āpeírō |
ᾱ̓́πειροι ā́peiroi | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
References
- “ἄπειρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἄπειρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ἄπειρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἄπειρος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
- “ἄπειρος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G552 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- beginner idem, page 71.
- blind idem, page 83.
- boundless idem, page 91.
- clumsy idem, page 140.
- endless idem, page 273.
- ignorant idem, page 414.
- illimitable idem, page 416.
- immeasurable idem, page 417.
- incalculable idem, page 427.
- inexperienced idem, page 436.
- inextricable idem, page 436.
- infinite idem, page 438.
- interminable idem, page 451.
- limitless idem, page 492.
- measureless idem, page 521.
- new idem, page 556.
- novice idem, page 562.
- raw idem, page 674.
- recruit idem, page 684.
- rude idem, page 724.
- stranger idem, page 823.
- tyro idem, page 905.
- unaccustomed idem, page 906.
- unacquainted idem, page 906.
- unbounded idem, page 908.
- unending idem, page 916.
- unfamiliar idem, page 917.
- unfathomable idem, page 918.
- uninitiated idem, page 922.
- unknowing idem, page 923.
- unlimited idem, page 924.
- unmeasured idem, page 925.
- unpractised idem, page 927.
- unskilful idem, page 932.
- unskilled idem, page 932.
- untrained idem, page 935.
- untried idem, page 935.
- untutored idem, page 935.
- unused idem, page 935.
- unversed in idem, page 936.
- ἄπειρος, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011