阜

See also: 阝 and 邑

阜	U+961C, 阜 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-961C

← 阛
[U+961B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

阝 →
[U+961D]

⾩	U+2FA9, ⾩ KANGXI RADICAL MOUND

← ⾨
[U+2FA8]

Kangxi Radicals

⾪ →
[U+2FAA]

Translingual

Stroke order

Alternative forms

阝 (when used as a left Chinese Radical)

Han character

阜 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+0, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹口十 (HRJ), four-corner 2740₇, composition ⿱𠂤十)

Kangxi radical #170, ⾩.

Derived characters

Appendix:Chinese radical/阜
埠, 𢮒, 㷆, 𤦞, 𥓭, 𧌓, 𧨮, 𮢌, 𩣸
𤭟, 顊(𬱪), 𧌛, 䘀, 𡸠, 𦰺, 𢈹, 𤷎

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1345, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41534
Dae Jaweon: page 1847, character 25
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4114, character 1
Unihan data for U+961C

Chinese

simp. and trad.		阜
alternative forms		𠼛𨸏峊

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 阜
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
阜	*buʔ
埠	*baːs

Pictogram (象形), a row of steps on a hill, still visible in the upper part 𠂤. The original version is 𨸏.

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔ-bu ~ *pu (“to be born; birth; bud; bloom”). Compare Burmese ဖူး (hpu:, “to bud”), as well as 孢 (“spore”), 皰 (OC *pʰruːs, *bruːs, “pimple, blister”) (STEDT), 苞 (OC *pruː, “bud; luxuriant”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fù (fu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fau⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fù

(Hailu, HRS): fu^˖
Eastern Min (BUC): hâiu
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hu⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hǔ / hū

(Teochew, Peng'im): hu⁶
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶veu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fù
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fù
  - Wade–Giles: fu⁴
  - Yale: fù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuh
  - Palladius: фу (fu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: fau⁶
  - Yale: fauh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fau⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: feo⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐu̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fù
  - Hakka Romanization System: fu^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fu²
  - Sinological IPA: /fu¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: fu^˖
  - Sinological IPA: /fu³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hâiu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɑu²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hu⁵
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hū
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hu⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǔ
  - Tâi-lô: hǔ
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hu²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hū
  - Tâi-lô: hū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hu
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hu²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hu⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hŭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu³⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶veu
  - MiniDict: veu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³veu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /vɤ²³/

Middle Chinese: bjuwX

Rime
Character	阜
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	房久切
Baxter	bjuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/biu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/biəu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buw^X/
Li Rong	/biu^X/
Wang Li	/bĭəu^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱi̯ə̯u^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fòu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fau⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[b](r)uʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*buʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	阜
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fù
Middle Chinese	‹ bjuw^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[b](r)uʔ/
English	big mound
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	阜
Reading #	1/1
No.	3533
Phonetic component
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	婦
Old Chinese	/*buʔ/

Definitions

阜

(literary) mound
(literary) abundant; rich
a surname

Compounds

土阜
岐阜 (Qífù)
左阜右邑
平阜
康阜
曲阜 (Qūfù)
殷民阜利
殷民阜財
殷阜
民安物阜
民康物阜
民殷財阜
民熙物阜
物阜民安
物阜民熙
物阜民豐 / 物阜民丰
翠阜
阜盛
阜蕃
阜螽
阜財 / 阜财
阜陽 / 阜阳 (Fùyáng)
陰阜 / 阴阜 (yīnfù)

Descendants

→ Lao: ພູ (phū)
→ Thai: ภู (puu, “mound, mountain, hill”)

References

“阜”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “阜”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 70.
William Campbell (1913) A dictionary of the Amoy vernacular spoken throughout the prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chiu and Formosa (in Hokkien), 8th edition, Tainan: Taiwan Church Press, published 1961, →OCLC, page 227.

Japanese

Kanji

阜

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

mound, dam

Readings

Go-on: ぶ (bu)
Kan-on: ふう (fū)
Kan’yō-on: ふ (fu, Jōyō ^†)
Kun: おか (oka, 阜)^{←をか (woka, 阜, historical)}、ゆたか (yutaka, 阜か)
Nanori: あつ (atsu)、あつし (atsushi)

Usage notes

This kanji, when referencing as a radical, is usually called "Gifu-no-'fu'"

Noun

Kanji in this term
阜
つかさ Grade: 4
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 阜 – see the following entry.

【つかさ】

[noun] 阜, 丘, 高処: a small hill, a mound

Alternative spellings
丘, 高処

(This term, 阜, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 阜 (MC bjuwX). Recorded as Middle Korean 부〯 (pwǔ) (Yale: pwu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

阜 (eumhun 언덕 부 (eondeok bu))

hanja form^? of 부 (“hill”)

Compounds

대부도 (大阜島, Daebudo, “Daebu Island”)
와부읍 (瓦阜邑, Wabueup)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

阜: Hán Nôm readings: phụ

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