上天

Chinese

Pronunciation 1

		on top; above	sky; heaven
simp. and trad. (上天)		上	天
anagram		天上

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shàngtiān

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄤˋ ㄊㄧㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng⁶ tin¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): song-thiên
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siōng-thian / siāng-thian

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shàngtiān
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄤˋ ㄊㄧㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shàngtian
  - Wade–Giles: shang⁴-tʻien¹
  - Yale: shàng-tyān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shanqtian
  - Palladius: шантянь (šantjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: soeng⁶ tin¹
  - Yale: seuhng tīn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soeng⁶ tin¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêng⁶ tin¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ²² tʰiːn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: song-thiên
  - Hakka Romanization System: song tien^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: song⁴ tian¹
  - Sinological IPA: /soŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯en²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siōng-thian
  - Tâi-lô: siōng-thian
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sioxngtiefn
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² tʰiɛn³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siāng-thian
  - Tâi-lô: siāng-thian
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siaxngtiefn
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /siaŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

Noun

上天

Heaven; God
the sky above

Pronunciation 2

		to go up	sky; heaven
simp. and trad. (上天)		上	天
anagram		天上

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shàngtiān

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄤˋ ㄊㄧㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng⁵ tin¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sông-thiên

(Hailu, HRS): shong^ˋ tien^ˋ

(Changting, Changting Pinyin): shông¹ ting¹
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sieo⁵ ting¹ / siunn⁵ ting¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chiūⁿ-thiⁿ / chiōⁿ-thiⁿ / chiǔⁿ-thiⁿ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shàngtiān
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄤˋ ㄊㄧㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shàngtian
  - Wade–Giles: shang⁴-tʻien¹
  - Yale: shàng-tyān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shanqtian
  - Palladius: шантянь (šantjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: soeng⁵ tin¹
  - Yale: séuhng tīn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soeng⁵ tin¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêng⁵ tin¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ¹³ tʰiːn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sông-thiên
  - Hakka Romanization System: song^ˊ tien^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: song¹ tian¹
  - Sinological IPA: /soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰi̯en²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: shong^ˋ tien^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /ʃoŋ⁵³ tʰien⁵³/
- (Changting)
  - Changting Pinyin: shông¹ ting¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ʃɔŋ³³ tʰiŋ³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sieo⁵ ting¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sā̤uⁿ-ting
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬieu¹¹ tʰiŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: siunn⁵ ting¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬĩũ²¹ tʰiŋ⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiūⁿ-thiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tsiūnn-thinn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cviuxtvy
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siũ³³⁻²¹ tʰĩ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siũ³³⁻¹¹ tʰĩ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siũ²²⁻²¹ tʰĩ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiōⁿ-thiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tsiōnn-thinn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cvioixtvy
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɔ̃²²⁻²¹ tʰĩ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiǔⁿ-thiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tsiǔnn-thinn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siũ²² tʰĩ³³/

Verb

上⫽天 (verb-object) (intransitive)

to go up to the sky
(euphemistic) to pass away
(colloquial) to cause big trouble

Synonyms

(pass away):

edit

下世 (xiàshì) (formal)
上路 (shànglù) (euphemistic)
不在 (bùzài) (euphemistic)
不幸 (bùxìng) (Classical Chinese, euphemistic)
不祿 / 不禄 (bùlù) (archaic, euphemistic, of military officers)
亡
亡故 (wánggù) (literary)
仙逝 (xiānshì) (euphemistic)
仙遊 / 仙游 (xiānyóu) (euphemistic)
作古 (zuògǔ) (literary, euphemistic)
做鬼 (zuòguǐ) (colloquial)
傾世 / 倾世 (qīngshì) (literary)
傾亡 / 倾亡 (qīngwáng) (literary)
入寂 (rùjì) (Buddhism, of Buddhist monks)
凋謝 / 凋谢 (diāoxiè) (to die of old age)
化去 (huàqù) (euphemistic)
升天 (shēngtiān) (euphemistic)
即世 (jíshì) (literary)
去世 (qùshì)
合眼 (héyǎn) (euphemistic)
喪亡 / 丧亡 (sàngwáng) (literary)
喪命 / 丧命 (sàngmìng) (euphemistic)
喪生 / 丧生 (sàngshēng) (euphemistic)
嗚呼 / 呜呼 (wūhū) (euphemistic)
嗝屁 (gěpì) (Mandarin, vulgar, dysphemistic)
嚥氣 / 咽气 (yànqì) (colloquial)
回老家 (huí lǎojiā) (euphemistic, humorous)
圓寂 / 圆寂 (yuánjì) (of Buddhist monks or nuns)
壽終正寢 / 寿终正寝 (shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn) (euphemistic)
失氣 / 失气 (shīqì) (literary)
安息 (ānxī) (euphemistic)
安眠 (ānmián) (euphemistic)
小喇叭兒吹了 / 小喇叭儿吹了 (xiǎo lǎbār chuī le) (Beijing Mandarin)
就義 / 就义 (jiùyì) (to die a martyr)
崩 (bēng) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
崩殂 (bēngcú) (Classical, of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
彈老三 / 弹老三 (Northern Wu, informal, humorous)
往生 (wǎngshēng) (euphemistic)
忽然 (hūrán) (Classical Chinese, euphemistic)
掛 / 挂 (guà) (slang, humorous)
故 (gù)
故世 (gùshì) (euphemistic, chiefly of one's elders)
故去 (gùqù) (euphemistic, chiefly of one's elders)
斃命 / 毙命 (bìmìng) (pejorative)
早死 (zǎosǐ)
晏駕 / 晏驾 (yànjià) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
枯死 (kūsǐ) (literary, figurative)
棄世 / 弃世 (qìshì) (literary)
歸天 / 归天 (guītiān) (euphemistic)
歸西 / 归西 (guīxī) (euphemistic)
歸道山 / 归道山 (guī dàoshān) (literary, euphemistic)
死 (sǐ)
死亡 (sǐwáng) (formal)
死人 (sǐrén)
死去 (sǐqù) (informal)
死掉 (sǐdiào) (informal)
死翹翹 / 死翘翘 (sǐqiàoqiào) (informal, humorous)
死脫 / 死脱 (⁵shi-theq) (Wu)
殞 / 殒 (yǔn) (archaic)
氣絕 / 气绝 (qìjué) (literary)
永眠 (yǒngmián) (euphemistic, honorific)
沒世 / 没世 (mòshì) (literary)
沉眠 (chénmián) (euphemistic)
消忒 (Hakka, euphemistic)
物化 (wùhuà) (literary)
狗帶 / 狗带 (gǒudài) (slang, neologism)
畢命 / 毕命 (bìmìng) (formal, euphemistic)
病亡 (bìngwáng) (to die of illness)
病故 (bìnggù) (to die of illness)
病死 (bìngsǐ) (to die of illness)
病逝 (bìngshì) (to die of illness)
瘐死 (yǔsǐ) (of deaths in prison)
百年歸老 / 百年归老 (bǎiniánguīlǎo) (euphemistic, of the elderly)
盡命 / 尽命 (jìnmìng) (literary, euphemistic)
終 / 终 (zhōng) (literary, or in compounds, euphemistic)
絕 / 绝 (jué) (literary, or in compounds)
翹辮子 / 翘辫子 (qiào biànzi) (informal, humorous)
老了 (lǎo le) (euphemistic, of the elderly)
蒙主寵召 / 蒙主宠召 (méngzhǔchǒngzhào) (Christianity, euphemistic)
薨 (hōng) (Classical Chinese, of feudal lords or high officials)
薨逝 (hōngshì) (of feudal lords)
被難 / 被难 (bèinàn) (to be killed in a disaster, political incident, etc.)
見背 / 见背 (jiànbèi) (literary, of one's parents or elders)
見閻王 / 见阎王 (jiàn Yánwáng) (figurative)
見馬克思 / 见马克思 (jiàn Mǎkèsī) (communism, euphemistic)
謝世 / 谢世 (xièshì) (literary)
賓天 / 宾天 (bīntiān) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
走 (zǒu) (euphemistic)
走去踮 (Hokkien, euphemistic)
身亡 (shēnwáng) (formal, usually from unnatural causes)
辭世 / 辞世 (císhì) (literary)
辭塵 / 辞尘 (cíchén) (literary, euphemistic)
逝世 (shìshì)
進棺材 / 进棺材 (jìn guāncái)
過世 / 过世 (guòshì)
過去 / 过去 (guòqù) (euphemistic)
過往 / 过往 (Hokkien, Teochew, euphemistic)
過身 / 过身 (guòshēn) (literary)
過面 / 过面 (Hokkien)
長山賣鴨卵 / 长山卖鸭卵 (Hakka, euphemistic)
長眠 / 长眠 (chángmián) (euphemistic, honorific)
閉眼 / 闭眼 (bìyǎn) (euphemistic)
隕落 / 陨落 (yǔnluò) (euphemistic)
離世 / 离世 (líshì) (euphemistic)
駕崩 / 驾崩 (jiàbēng) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
駕鶴西去 / 驾鹤西去 (jiàhèxīqù) (euphemistic)
駕鶴西遊 / 驾鹤西游 (jiàhèxīyóu) (euphemistic)
龍馭上賓 / 龙驭上宾 (lóngyùshàngbīn) (of an emperor)

Derived terms

捧上天 (pěngshàngtiān)

References

莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “上天”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 490.
周存 [Zhōu, Cún], editor (2023), “上天”, in 长汀话词典 CHANGTINGHUA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Changting Dialect] (overall work in Hakka and Mandarin), Guangzhou: 世界图书出版有限公司 [World Book Publishing Co., Ltd.], →ISBN, page 592.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
上	天
じょう Grade: 1	てん Grade: 1
on'yomi

Noun

上(じょう)天(てん) • (jōten) ^{←じやうてん (zyauten)^?}

Heaven, God
going up to the sky, dying

Verb

上(じょう)天(てん)する • (jōten suru) ^{←じやうてん (zyauten)^?}suru (stem 上(じょう)天(てん)し (jōten shi), past 上(じょう)天(てん)した (jōten shita))

go up to the sky, die

Conjugation

Conjugation of "上天する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	上天し	じょうてんし	jōten shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	上天し	じょうてんし	jōten shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	上天する	じょうてんする	jōten suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	上天する	じょうてんする	jōten suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	上天すれ	じょうてんすれ	jōten sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	上天せよ¹ 上天しろ²	じょうてんせよ¹ じょうてんしろ²	jōten seyo¹ jōten shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	上天される	じょうてんされる	jōten sareru
Causative	上天させる上天さす	じょうてんさせるじょうてんさす	jōten saseru jōten sasu
Potential	上天できる	じょうてんできる	jōten dekiru
Volitional	上天しよう	じょうてんしよう	jōten shiyō
Negative	上天しない	じょうてんしない	jōten shinai
Negative continuative	上天せず	じょうてんせず	jōten sezu
Formal	上天します	じょうてんします	jōten shimasu
Perfective	上天した	じょうてんした	jōten shita
Conjunctive	上天して	じょうてんして	jōten shite
Hypothetical conditional	上天すれば	じょうてんすれば	jōten sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
上	天

Noun

上天 • (sangcheon) (hangeul 상천)

hanja form^? of 상천 (“going up to the sky”)