佃

佃	U+4F43, 佃 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F43

← 佂
[U+4F42]

CJK Unified Ideographs

佄 →
[U+4F44]

Translingual

Stroke order
Japanese For Chinese: swap strokes 5 and 6.

Han character

佃 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人田 (OW), four-corner 2620₀, composition ⿰亻田)

tenant farmer
be a tenant farmer

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 97, character 18
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 492
Dae Jaweon: page 206, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 133, character 3
Unihan data for U+4F43

Chinese

simp. and trad.		佃

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 佃
Bronze inscriptions b12375 b12376 b12377 b12378 b12379 b12380 b12381 Small seal script s05838
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (田) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
田	*l'iːŋ
佃	l'iːŋ, l'iːŋs
畋	l'iːŋ, l'iːŋs
畇	l'iːŋ, sqʰʷin, sɢʷin, ɢʷin
鈿	l'iːŋ, l'iːŋs
沺	*l'iːŋ
甸	*l'iːŋs

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tián (tian²)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tin⁴
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): deng²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tián
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tián
  - Wade–Giles: tʻien²
  - Yale: tyán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyan
  - Palladius: тянь (tjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: tin⁴
  - Yale: tìhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tin⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: tin⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiːn²¹/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: deng²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: déng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɛŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: deng²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɛŋ²⁴/

Middle Chinese: den

Rime
Character	佃
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	徒年切
Baxter	den
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/den/
Pan Wuyun	/den/
Shao Rongfen	/dɛn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dɛn/
Li Rong	/den/
Wang Li	/dien/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱien/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tián
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tin⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*l'iːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	佃
Reading #	1/2
No.	12393
Phonetic component	田
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	田
Old Chinese	/*l'iːŋ/

Definitions

佃

(literary) to till; to cultivate
(literary) alternative form of 畋 (tián, “to hunt”)

Compounds

佃作
佃具
佃器
佃漁 / 佃渔 (tiányú)
佃獵 / 佃猎

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): diàn (dian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): din⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thien
Eastern Min (BUC): diêng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): deng⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tiān / tān

(Teochew, Peng'im): doin⁶
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): dienn⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: diàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: diàn
  - Wade–Giles: tien⁴
  - Yale: dyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diann
  - Palladius: дянь (djanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: din⁶
  - Yale: dihn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: din⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: din⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiːn²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thien
  - Hakka Romanization System: tien
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tian⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰi̯en⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: diêng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiɛŋ²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: deng⁵
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: dēng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɛŋ¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: deng⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɛŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiān
  - Tâi-lô: tiān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dien
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɛn⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɛn³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tiɛn²²/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tān
  - Tâi-lô: tān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dan
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tan³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: doin⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tŏiⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tõĩ³⁵/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: dienn⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti̯ẽ⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: denH

Rime
Character	佃
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	堂練切
Baxter	denH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/den^H/
Pan Wuyun	/den^H/
Shao Rongfen	/dɛn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dɛn^H/
Li Rong	/den^H/
Wang Li	/dien^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱien^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	diàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	din⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤiŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*l'iːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	佃
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	diàn
Middle Chinese	‹ den^H ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁiŋ-s/
English	hunt
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	佃
Reading #	2/2
No.	12400
Phonetic component	田
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	電
Old Chinese	/*l'iːŋs/

Definitions

佃

to rent and till land from a landlord
(obsolete) land rent
(dialectal) to rent
a surname

Synonyms

(to rent):

edit

僱 / 雇 (gù)
承租 (chéngzū)
租 (zū)
租用 (zūyòng)
縛 / 缚 (Xiamen Hokkien)

Dialectal synonyms of 租 (“to rent”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		賃
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		租, 租賃
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	租
	Harbin	租
	Singapore	租
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	租, 賃
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	租
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	租, 賃
	Wanrong	租 more literary, 賃
	Xi'an	租, 賃
	Xining	租
	Xuzhou	租, 賃
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	租, 賃
Lanyin Mandarin	Ürümqi	租, 賃
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	租
	Wuhan	租
	Guiyang	租, 佃
	Liuzhou	租
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	租
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	租
Cantonese	Guangzhou	租
Cantonese	Hong Kong	租
Gan	Nanchang	租
Gan	Lichuan	賃
Hakka	Meixian	租
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	稅, 租
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	稅, 租
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	稅, 租
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	稅, 租
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	稅, 租
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	稅
Huizhou	Jixi	租
Jin	Taiyuan	租, 賃
Jin	Xinzhou	租, 賃
Northern Min	Jian'ou	租
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	租
Southern Min	Xiamen	稅
	Zhangzhou	稅
	Tainan	稅
	Penang (Hokkien)	稅
	Singapore (Hokkien)	稅
	Shantou	稅
	Shantou (Chenghai)	稅
	Jieyang	稅
	Singapore (Teochew)	稅
	Leizhou	租
	Haikou	租
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	租
Wu	Shanghai	租
	Shanghai (Chongming)	租
	Suzhou	租
	Danyang	租
	Hangzhou	租
	Wenzhou	稅
	Jinhua	賃
Xiang	Changsha	佃

Compounds

佃人
佃契
佃客
佃戶 / 佃户 (diànhù)
佃權 / 佃权
佃科
佃租
佃租制度
佃農 / 佃农 (diànnóng)
佃錢 / 佃钱
撤佃
永佃權 / 永佃权
租佃
請佃 / 请佃
退佃 (tuìdiàn)

References

莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “佃”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 51.
羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “佃”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00118

Japanese

Kanji

佃

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: でん (den)
Kan-on: てん (ten)
Kun: つくだ (tsukuda, 佃)

Kanji in this term
佃
つくだ Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Noun

佃(つくだ) • (tsukuda)

cultivated rice field

Derived terms

佃煮

Korean

Hanja

佃 (eum 전 (jeon))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

佃: Hán Nôm readings: điền

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.