十二月

Chinese

		twelve; 12	moon; month
simp. and trad. (十二月)		十二	月

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): shí'èryuè

(Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄦˋ ㄩㄝˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): si² er⁴ yue²

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шыэрйүә (šɨeryüə, I-III-I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): sap⁶ ji⁶ jyut⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sṳ̍p-ngi-ngie̍t / sṳ̍p-ngi-ngia̍t

(Meixian, Guangdong): seb⁶ ngi⁴ ngiad⁶
Northern Min (KCR): sí-nī-ngṳè
Eastern Min (BUC): sĕk-nê-nguŏk
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): cha̍p-lī-ge̍rh / cha̍p-lī-ge̍h / cha̍p-jī-goe̍h / cha̍p-jī-ge̍h / cha̍p-gī-goe̍h / cha̍p-jī-gēr / cha̍p-jī-gōe

(Teochew, Peng'im): zab⁸ ri⁶ ghuêh⁸
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁸zeq-gni-yuq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shí'èryuè
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄦˋ ㄩㄝˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shíh-èryuè
  - Wade–Giles: shih²-êrh⁴-yüeh⁴
  - Yale: shŕ-èr-ywè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyrellyueh
  - Palladius: шиэрюэ (šierjue)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: si² er⁴ yue²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: srye
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩²¹ ɚ²¹³ ye²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шыэрйүә (šɨeryüə, I-III-I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩²⁴ ɛɻ⁴⁴ yə²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sap⁶ ji⁶ jyut⁶
  - Yale: sahp yih yuht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sap⁹ ji⁶ jyt⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: seb⁶ yi⁶ yud⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐp̚² jiː²² jyːt̚²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̍p-ngi-ngie̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: siib ngi ngied
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sib⁶ ngi⁴ ngiad⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨp̚⁵ ŋi⁵⁵ ŋi̯et̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̍p-ngi-ngia̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: siib ngi ngiad
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sib⁶ ngi⁴ ngiad⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨp̚⁵ ŋi⁵⁵ ŋi̯at̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: seb⁶ ngi⁴ ngiad⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /səp̚⁵ ŋi⁵³ ŋiat̚⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sí-nī-ngṳè
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si⁵⁴ ni⁵⁵ ŋyɛ⁴²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sĕk-nê-nguŏk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛiʔ⁵⁻²¹ nˡi²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ŋuoʔ⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-lī-ge̍rh
  - Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-lī-ge̍rh
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sap̚²⁴⁻² li⁴¹⁻²² ɡəʔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Lukang): /t͡sap̚³⁵⁻² li³¹⁻²² ɡəʔ³⁵/
  - IPA (Kinmen): /t͡sap̚⁵⁴⁻³² li²²⁻¹² ɡəʔ⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Philippines, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-lī-ge̍h
  - Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-lī-ge̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zablixgeh
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² li²²⁻²¹ ɡeʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² li³³⁻¹¹ ɡeʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Philippines, Jinjiang): /t͡sap̚²⁴⁻² li⁴¹⁻²² ɡeʔ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-jī-goe̍h
  - Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-jī-gue̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zabjixgoeh
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² zi³³⁻²¹ ɡueʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Penang): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³ d͡zi²¹ ɡueʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡zi²²⁻²¹ ɡueʔ¹²¹/
  - IPA (Tainan): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻¹ d͡zi³³⁻¹¹ ɡueʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-jī-ge̍h
  - Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-jī-ge̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zabjixgeh
- (Hokkien: Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-gī-goe̍h
  - Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-gī-gue̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zabgixgoeh
- (Hokkien: Sanxia)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-jī-gēr
  - Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-jī-gēr
- (Hokkien: Yilan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-jī-gōe
  - Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-jī-guē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zabjixgoe
  - IPA (Yilan): /t͡sap̚⁵⁻² d͡zi³³⁻²¹ ɡue³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zab⁸ ri⁶ ghuêh⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsa̍p jĭ gue̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻² d͡zi³⁵⁻¹¹ ɡueʔ⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁸zeq-gni-yuq
  - MiniDict: zeh^入 nyi yuih
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵zeq-nyi-hhyq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zəʔ¹¹ n̠ʲi²² ɦyɪʔ²³/

Noun

十二月

December
twelfth month of the Chinese calendar

Synonyms

(lunar month):
- (common) 臘月／腊月 (Làyuè)
- (archaic) 冰月 (Bīngyuè), 嚴月／严月, 除月, 殘霜天／残霜天, 星回, 嘉平, 季冬 (Jìdōng), 嘉平, 窮節／穷节

Descendants

Indonesian: cap ji gwee

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
十	二	月
じゅう Grade: 1	に Grade: 1	がつ Grade: 1
goon		kan'yōon

Alternative spelling
12月

From 十二(じゅうに) (jūni, “twelve”) + 月(がつ) (-gatsu, counter for the month of the year).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じゅうにがつ [jùúnígátsúꜜ] (Odaka – [5])^[1]^[2]^[3] noun
(Tokyo) じゅうにがつ [jùúnígátsú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3] adverb
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑɨːɲ̟iɡa̠t͡sɨ]

Noun

十(じゅう)二(に)月(がつ) • (jūnigatsu) ^{←じふにぐわつ (zifunigwatu)^?}

December
the twelfth month of the year
Synonyms: 極月 (gokugetsu), 師走 (shiwasu)

Derived terms

十二(じゅうに)月(がつ)党(とう) (Jūnigatsu-tō)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
十	二	月
しわす
Grade: 1	Grade: 1	Grade: 1
jukujikun

From Old Japanese of unknown derivation.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しわす [shìwású] (Heiban – [0])^[4]^[5]
IPA^(key): [ɕiβ̞a̠sɨ]

Noun

十二月(しわす) • (shiwasu) ^{←しはす (sifasu)^?}

alternative spelling of 師走 (shiwasu): the twelfth month of the lunar calendar; the month of preparation for the new year
- c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 8, poem 1648:
  , text here
  十二月(しはす)尓者(には)沫雪零(あわゆきふる)跡(と)不知(しらね)可毛(かも)梅(うめの)花開(はなさく)含(ふふ)不有(めらずし)而(て) [Man'yōgana]
  十二月(しはす)には淡雪(あわゆき)降(ふ)ると知(し)らねかも梅(うめ)の花(はな)咲(さ)くふふめらずして [Modern spelling]
  shiwasu ni wa awayuki furu to shirane ka mo ume no hana saku fufumerazu shite
  (please add an English translation of this example)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2019), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (2016), NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
十	二	月

Noun

十二月 • (sibiwol) (hangeul 십이월)

hanja form^? of 십이월 (“December”)

[DJR4-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2019), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK16-2] 2.0 ^2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (2016), NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[SMK8-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-4] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-5] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

十二月

Chinese

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Descendants

Japanese

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

See also

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

See also

References

Korean

Noun