君主

Chinese

		monarch; lord; gentleman monarch; lord; gentleman; ruler	to own; to host; master to own; to host; master; lord; primary
simp. and trad. (君主)		君	主

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jūnzhǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄣㄓㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gwan¹ zyu²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiûn-chú
Eastern Min (BUC): gŭng-*ciō
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gong¹ zy³ / guong¹ zy³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kun-chú

(Teochew, Peng'im): gung¹ zu²
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹ciun-tsy₅

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jūnzhǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄣㄓㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jyunjhǔ
  - Wade–Giles: chün¹-chu³
  - Yale: jyūn-jǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiunjuu
  - Palladius: цзюньчжу (czjunʹčžu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕyn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gwan¹ zyu²
  - Yale: gwān jyú
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwan¹ dzy²
  - Guangdong Romanization: guen¹ ju²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɐn⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiûn-chú
  - Hakka Romanization System: giun^ˊ zu^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: giun¹ zu³
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯un²⁴ t͡su³¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gŭng-*ciō
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ t͡suo³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gong¹ zy³ [Phonetic: gong⁵ zy³]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: geong-cṳ̂
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ t͡sy⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: guong¹ zy³ [Phonetic: guong⁵ zy³]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuoŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ t͡sy³³²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kun-chú
  - Tâi-lô: kun-tsú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kunzuo
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kun⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kun³³ t͡su⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kun⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gung¹ zu²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kung tsú
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuŋ³³⁻²³ t͡su⁵²/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹ciun-tsy₅
  - MiniDict: ciuin^平 tsy^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹jyn-tsr₂
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕyn⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

Noun

君主

monarch; sovereign; king; ruler
《君主論》／《君主论》 ― “Jūnzhǔ lùn” ― The Prince (a political treatise by Niccolò Machiavelli)
- 群臣之太富，君主之敗也。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  群臣之太富，君主之败也。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: Han Feizi, circa 2^nd century BCE, translated based on W. K. Liao's version
  Qúnchén zhī tàifù, jūnzhǔ zhī bài yě. [Pinyin]
  The extraordinary wealth of ministers leads to the downfall of the ruler.
- 心者，君主之官也，神明出焉。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad. and simp.]
  From: Huangdi Neijing, 4^th century BCE to 3^rd century CE
  Xīn zhě, jūnzhǔ zhī guān yě, shénmíng chū yān. [Pinyin]
  The heart is the official [/ organ] that acts as ruler and monarch; spirit brilliance originates in it.

Synonyms

edit

乘輿 / 乘舆 (literary, figurative)
人主 (rénzhǔ) (literary)
人君 (rénjūn) (literary)
人王 (rénwáng)
元首 (yuánshǒu)
君上 (jūnshàng) (literary)
君父 (jūnfù) (literary)
君王 (jūnwáng)
國君 / 国君 (guójūn)
國家 / 国家 (guójiā) (Classical Chinese)
大聖 / 大圣 (dàshèng) (literary)
大駕 / 大驾 (dàjià)
天子 (tiānzǐ) (Son of Heaven)
官家 (guānjiā) (archaic)
帝王 (dìwáng)
皇帝 (huángdì)
皇辟 (huángbì) (archaic, Son of Heaven)

Derived terms

君主主義 / 君主主义 (jūnzhǔzhǔyì)
君主制 (jūnzhǔzhì)
君主國 / 君主国 (jūnzhǔguó)
君主立憲制 / 君主立宪制 (jūnzhǔ lìxiànzhì)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (君主):

→ Japanese: 君(くん)主(しゅ) (kunshu)
→ Korean: 군주(君主) (gunju)
→ Vietnamese: quân chủ (君主)

Others:

→ Zhuang: ginhcuj

Japanese

Kanji in this term
君	主
くん Grade: 3	しゅ Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) くんしゅ [kúꜜǹshù] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [kɯ̟̃ɰ̃ɕɨ]

Homophone: 葷酒

Noun

君(くん)主(しゅ) • (kunshu)

(monarchy) a monarch

Derived terms

君(くん)主(しゅ)制(せい) (kunshusei)
君(くん)主(しゅ)国(こく) (kunshukoku)

Korean

Hanja in this term
君	主

Noun

君主 • (gunju) (hangeul 군주)

hanja form^? of 군주 (“monarch”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
君	主

Noun

君主

chữ Hán form of quân chủ (“monarch”)

Adjective

君主

chữ Hán form of quân chủ (“monarchic”)