國家

In ancient China, the fief of a 諸侯／诸侯 (zhūhóu) was known as a 國／国 (guó), while the fief of a 大夫 (dàfū) was known as a 家 (jiā). The two characters are also attestable in pre-Qin texts when used together with the meaning of "country; nation; state".

國家

1. country (with sovereignty); nation; (nation-)state (Classifier: 個／个)

   英語國家／英语国家  ―  yīngyǔ guójiā  ―  English-speaking country

   內陸國家／内陆国家  ―  nèilù guójiā  ―  landlocked country

   單一制國家／单一制国家  ―  dānyīzhì guójiā  ―  unitary state

   海洋國家／海洋国家  ―  hǎiyáng guójiā  ―  maritime state

   治理國家／治理国家  ―  zhìlǐ guójiā  ―  to govern a country

   報效國家／报效国家  ―  bàoxiào guójiā  ―  to serve one's country

   國家稅務總局／国家税务总局  ―  guójiā shuìwù zǒngjú  ―  the State Administration of Taxation (of the People's Republic of China)

   捍衛國家主權／捍卫国家主权  ―  hànwèi guójiā zhǔquán  ―  to uphold national sovereignty

   損害國家利益／损害国家利益  ―  sǔnhài guójiā lìyì  ―  to harm the national interest

   窒息國家的活力／窒息国家的活力  ―  zhìxī guójiā de huólì  ―  to stifle the vitality of the country

   國家社會科學基金 [MSC, trad.]
   国家社会科学基金 [MSC, simp.]

   guójiā shèhuì kēxué jījīn [Pinyin]

   The National Social Science Fund of China

   允許女性墮胎的國家 [MSC, trad.]
   允许女性堕胎的国家 [MSC, simp.]

   yǔnxǔ nǚxìng duòtāi de guójiā [Pinyin]

   countries that allow women to abort

   我們這個國家真是多災多難。 [MSC, trad.]
   我们这个国家真是多灾多难。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒmen zhège guójiā zhēnshì duōzāiduōnàn. [Pinyin]

   Our country is really troubled.

   知識分子是國家的寶貴財富。 [MSC, trad.]
   知识分子是国家的宝贵财富。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhīshifènzǐ shì guójiā de bǎoguì cáifù. [Pinyin]

   Educated people are valuable assets to the country.

2. (Classical) royal court; imperial court; imperial household; imperial government
3. (Classical) emperor
4. (Classical) city or town enfeoffed to a vassal lord

   • 士之失位也，猶諸侯之失國家也。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
     士之失位也，犹诸侯之失国家也。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Shì zhī shīwèi yě, yóu zhūhóu zhī shīguójiā yě. [Pinyin]

     The loss of his place to an officer is like the loss of his princedom to a prince.

5. (Classical) capital city (of a country)

• (country):

• (royal court):

• (emperor):

• (capital city):

Others:

• → Vietnamese: nhà nước (calque)
• → Zhuang: guekgya

• “國家”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

國家 • (gukga) (hangeul 국가)

1. hanja form^? of 국가 (“nation, country, state, polity”)

國家

1. chữ Hán form of quốc gia (“nation, state”)