首都

Chinese

head; chief; first (occasion)
head; chief; first (occasion); first (thing); measure word for poems
 
metropolis; capital city; all
metropolis; capital city; all; both (if two things are involved); entirely; even; already
 
simp. and trad.
(首都) 		首 都

Pronunciation

Noun

首都

  1. capital; capital city (of a country) (Classifier: 個／个)
    非首都功能  ―  fēi shǒudū gōngnéng  ―  non-capital functions
    倫敦是英國的首都。 [MSC, trad.]
    伦敦是英国的首都。 [MSC, simp.]
    Lúndūn shì Yīngguó de shǒudū. [Pinyin]
    London is the capital of the UK.

Usage notes

When translating the English term capital city, 首都 (shǒudū) is used when referring to the capital of a country, 首府 (shǒufǔ) when referring to the capital of a state or autonomous region, and 省會／省会 (shěnghuì) when referring to the capital of a province. Alternative terms for the capital of a country include 國都／国都 (guódū), 京城 (jīngchéng), 京都 (jīngdū), 京邑 (jīngyì) and 都城 (dūchéng) all of which are more commonly used in literary language. The term 京城 (jīngchéng) is most commonly used in historical dramas set in Imperial China.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (首都):
  • → Japanese: 首都(しゅと) (shuto)
  • → Korean: 수도(首都) (sudo)
  • → Vietnamese: thủ đô (首都)

Others:

See also

Japanese

Kanji in this term
首 都
しゅ
Grade: 2 		と
Grade: 3
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

  • (Kyoto) しゅ​と [shúꜜtò] (Kōki)[5]

Noun

首(しゅ)都(と) • (shuto) 

  1. capital, capital city
    東京(とうきょう)は日本(にっぽん)の首都(しゅと)です。
    Tōkyō wa Nippon no shuto desu.
    Tokyo is the capital of Japan.
    京都(きょうと)はかつて日本(にっぽん)の首都(しゅと)でした。
    Kyōto wa katsute Nippon no shuto deshita.
    Kyoto was once Japan's capital.

Derived terms

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 “首都”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
  5. ^ “しゅ‐と 【首都】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[2] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

Korean

Hanja in this term
首都

Noun

首都 • (sudo) (hangeul 수도)

  1. hanja form? of 수도 (“the capital of a country”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
首都

Noun

首都

  1. chữ Hán form of thủ đô (“capital, capital city”)
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