都

都 U+90FD, 都 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-90FD ← 郼 [U+90FC] CJK Unified Ideographs 郾 → [U+90FE]

都 U+FA26, 都 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA26 ← 逸 [U+FA25] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 﨧 → [U+FA27]

Stroke order

Note that there are two Unicode z-variants, with code points U+90FD and U+FA26 (the latter is a compatibility variant and contains an extra dot below 耂 in 者).

都 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+8 in Chinese, 邑+9 in Japanese, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十日弓中 (JANL), four-corner 4762₇, composition ⿰者阝)

• 嘟, 𢵋, 𨗊, 𣛭, 𡳤, 𨅮, 𩼁, 𡳣, 𡼞, 𡳢, 𥳉, 𧹼

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1274, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39497
• Dae Jaweon: page 1773, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3776, character 7
• Unihan data for U+90FD

• Unihan data for U+FA26

simp. and trad.		都
alternative forms		𨜞 𨛷

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *taː): phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ) + semantic 邑 (“town, city”).

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

都

1. metropolis; large city

   都市  ―  dūshì  ―  metropolis; major city

2. capital; capital city

   都城  ―  dūchéng  ―  capital

3. (literary) to make a place the capital city; to establish a capital

   • 帝王所都為中，故曰中國。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     帝王所都为中，故曰中国。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Liu Xi (劉熈), quoted in 5th century, 《史記集解》Records of the Grand Historian - Collected Explanations by Pei Yin (裴駰)

     Dìwáng suǒdōu wèi zhōng, gù yuē zhōngguó. [Pinyin]

     Where emperors and kings make to be the capital is taken as the centre, hence the appellation the central region.

4. (obsolete) graceful; elegant
5. a surname, Du

• (metropolis):

Colloquial form of 諸 (OC *tja, “all”) (Schuessler, 2007).

都

1. all; both (used to indicate that the statement is true for every subject or object); or the entirety of something

   我都知道了。  ―  Wǒ dōu zhīdào le.  ―  I know everything. [ambiguous; may also mean “Even I know”.]

   他比任何人都好。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]

   Tā bǐ rènhé rén dōu hǎo. [Pinyin]

   He is better than anyone else.

   這裡的人我都認識。 [MSC, trad.]
   这里的人我都认识。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhèlǐ de rén wǒ dōu rènshí. [Pinyin]

   I know everyone here.

   現在在超市什麼都買得到。 [MSC, trad.]
   现在在超市什么都买得到。 [MSC, simp.]

   Xiànzài zài chāoshì shénme dōu mǎi de dào. [Pinyin]

   These days everything can be bought from a supermarket.

   他什麼電影都不看。 [MSC, trad.]
   他什么电影都不看。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā shénme diànyǐng dōu bù kàn. [Pinyin]

   He doesn't watch any movies.

   我真羨慕他，在哪裡都能睡得著。 [MSC, trad.]
   我真羡慕他，在哪里都能睡得着。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ zhēn xiànmù tā, zài nǎlǐ dōu néng shuìdezháo. [Pinyin]

   I really envy him; he can sleep wherever he is.

   大都  ―  dàdōu  ―  generally

   吹到成牆都係 [Cantonese, trad.]
   吹到成墙都系 [Cantonese, simp.]

   ceoi¹ dou³ sing⁴ coeng⁴ dou¹ hai⁶ [Jyutping]

   blown by the wind until it has covered the entire wall

2. (emphasis on subject) even

   我都不知道，你是怎麼知道的？ [MSC, trad.]
   我都不知道，你是怎么知道的？ [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ dōu bù zhīdào, nǐ shì zěnme zhīdào de? [Pinyin]

   How come you know it when even I don't know?

3. (emphasis on object) even, interchangeable with 也 (yě)

   我身上一分錢都沒有。 [MSC, trad.]
   我身上一分钱都没有。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ shēnshàng yī fēn qián dōu méiyǒu. [Pinyin]

   I don't even have a single cent.

   我給她打了四個電話，她一個都沒接。 [MSC, trad.]
   我给她打了四个电话，她一个都没接。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ gěi tā dǎ le sì ge diànhuà, tā yīge dōu méi jiē. [Pinyin]

   I called her four times, but she answered none of them.

   1. (emphasis) Used in the 連……都…… structure; interchangeable with 也 (yě); even

      他連畜生都不如，連自己的父母都不養活。 [MSC, trad.]
      他连畜生都不如，连自己的父母都不养活。 [MSC, simp.]

      Tā lián chùsheng dōu bùrú, lián zìjǐ de fùmǔ dōu bù yǎnghuo. [Pinyin]

      He is no better than an animal, because he doesn't even support his own parents.

4. (emphasis on verb, in the negative) at all

   睇都未睇過／睇都未睇过 [Cantonese]  ―  tai² dou¹ mei⁶ tai² gwo³ [Jyutping]  ―  have not seen a single second of it; have not seen it at all

5. already

   都四點了。／都四点了。  ―  Dōu sì diǎn le.  ―  It is already 4 o'clock.

   都這麼晚了嗎？／都这么晚了吗？  ―  Dōu zhème wǎn le ma?  ―  Is it that late already?

6. (Cantonese) as well; also; too

   我都好好。 [Cantonese]  ―  ngo⁵ dou¹ hou² hou². [Jyutping]  ―  I'm fine too.

7. (Cantonese) still; anyways; nevertheless

• When negating 都, the placement of 不 (bù) is important.

不都: not all, not everyone.

都不: none, no one

For pronunciation and definitions of 都 – see 嘟 (“to pout; to pucker up; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 嘟).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Shinjitai	都
Kyūjitai [1]	都 都 or 都+︀?
	都󠄀 都+󠄀? (Adobe-Japan1)
	都󠄃 都+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

(Third grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 都)

• Go-on: つ (tsu, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: と (to, Jōyō)
• Kun: みやこ (miyako, 都, Jōyō)、いち (ichi, 都)、あつまる (atsumaru, 都まる)、あつめる (atsumeru, 都める)^{←あつむ (atumu, 都む, historical)}、すべて (subete, 都て)、すべる (suberu, 都べる)
• Nanori: いち (ichi)、くに (kuni)、さと (sato)、ひろ (hiro)、みやこ (miyako)

• 都(ど)都(ど)一(いつ), 都(ど)都(ど)逸(いつ) (dodoitsu)

Kanji in this term
都
みやこ Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Alternative spellings
(kyūjitai) 京 京都

⟨mi₁yako₁⟩ → */mʲijakʷo/ → /mijako/

From Old Japanese, a compound of 宮(みや) (miya, “imperial palace”) + 処(こ) (ko, “place”).

• (Tokyo) みやこ [mìyákó] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [mʲija̠ko̞]

都(みやこ) • (miyako) 

1. (archaic) the place of residence of the emperor
2. (by extension) a capital city
3. (by extension) a capital (most important city in the field specified), an economic and political center, a metropolis
4. (shogi, colloquial) short for 都詰め (miyakozume): moving the 王将 (ōshō)/玉将 (gyokushō, “king”) to the center of the board with other pieces close together

• 住(す)めば都(みやこ) (sumeba miyako)

• → English: Meaco (“Kyōto”)
• → Latin: Meacum (“Kyōto”)

都(みやこ) • (Miyako) 

1. a placename
2. a surname
3. a female given name

Kanji in this term
都
と Grade: 3
kan'on

Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 都 (MC tu).

• (Tokyo) と [tò] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [to̞]

都(と) • (to) 

1. a capital city
2. a city, metropolis
3. short for 東京都 (Tōkyō-to): the capital prefecture of Tokyo

都(と) • (to) 

1. city, metropolis
2. capital city
3. elegant, graceful, refined
4. gather, command

都(と) • (-to) 

1. counter for metropolis prefectures

• Since 東(とう)京(きょう)都(と) (Tōkyō-to) is the only prefecture with 都(と) (-to), the counter only appears as 一(いっ)都(と) (itto). It combines with the other prefecture counters 県(けん) (-ken), 道(どう) (-dō) and 府(ふ) (-fu) to count prefectures of mixed types.

Kanji in this term
都
つ Grade: 3
goon

Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 都 (MC tu).

• IPA^(key): [t͡sɨ]

都(つ) • (tsu) 

1. all, both, everyone, whole

• 都(つ)合(ごう) (tsugō)
• 都(つ)度(ど) (tsudo)

都 (eumhun 도읍 도 (do'eup do))

1. hanja form^? of 도 (“capital city”)
2. hanja form^? of 도 (“all, the whole”)
3. hanja form^? of 도 (“elegant, refined”)

• 도시 (都市, dosi, “city”)
• 수도 (首都, sudo, “capital”)

(Third grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 都)

• On (unclassified): ち (chi)、とぅ (tu)

• 都(ち)合(ごー) (chigō)
• 京(ちょー)都(とぅ) (Chōtu)

• 京, 京都

Originally a compound of 宮 (mi₁ya, “palace”) and an uncertain こ (ko₁) referring to a place.

• The ko is possibly 処 (ko₂, affix indicating location), according to most dictionaries. However, poems in the Man'yōshū attest overwhelming phonetic usage of ⟨ko₁⟩ instead of ⟨ko₂⟩. There has likely been a vowel assimilation; it accounts for a form of this affix く (ku, place) (e.g. いづく (iduku, “where”)) (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?).
• Alternatively, the ko might be from 子 (-ko₁, diminutive suffix), as some Man'yōshū poems use the 宮子 reading.

都 (mi₁yako₁) (kana みやこ)

1. the place of residence of the emperor, especially a temporary lodging in which the emperor stays during an imperial visit
2. (by extension) a capital city

• 奈良の都 (Nara no₂ mi₁yako₁)

• Japanese: 都 (miyako)

都: Hán Nôm readings: đô

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