堵

堵 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 土十大日 (GJKA), four-corner 4416₀, composition ⿰土者)

• 𧹻

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 234, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5279
• Dae Jaweon: page 472, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 448, character 7
• Unihan data for U+5835

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tjaːʔ, *taːʔ): semantic 土 + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ).

堵

1. (obsolete) a unit of measure of the length and height of a wall
2. (literary) wall

   • 環堵蕭然，不蔽風日，短褐穿結，簞瓢屢空——晏如也。 [MSC, trad.]
     环堵萧然，不蔽风日，短褐穿结，箪瓢屡空——晏如也。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: c. 392 or 405~427, Tao Yuanming, 《五柳先生傳》, translation based on the work by A. R. Davis

     Huán dǔ xiāorán, bù bì fēng rì, duǎn hè chuān jié, dān piáo lǚ kōng — yànrú yě. [Pinyin]

     His house with surrounding walls is lonely and does not shelter him from wind or sun. His short coarse robe is torn and mended. His basket and gourd are often empty. Yet he takes all this at peace.

   • 昔王心逸嘗言：在都偶過市里，聞弦歌聲，觀者如堵。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     昔王心逸尝言：在都偶过市里，闻弦歌声，观者如堵。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: 1740 CE, Pu Songling, Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio

     Xī Wáng Xīnyì cháng yán: zài dū ǒu guò shìlǐ, wén xiángē shēng, guān zhě rú dǔ. [Pinyin]

     Wang Xinyi once said he was passing through a marketplace in the capital when he heard a song accompanied by a string instrument. Onlookers were packed together as densely as a wall.

3. to block up; to stop up

   堵車／堵车  ―  dǔchē  ―  to be jammed with traffic

   堵上這個漏洞／堵上这个漏洞  ―  dǔ shàng zhège lòudòng  ―  to close this loophole

   下水管堵了。  ―  Xiàshuǐguǎn dǔ le.  ―  The drain pipe is clogged.

4. (Teochew) to encounter
5. stifled; suffocated

   心裡堵得慌／心里堵得慌  ―  xīnlǐ dǔ dé huāng  ―  to feel suffocated; to be depressed

6. (obsolete) An ancient unit of measure, denoting sixteen bells or chimes hanging on a bell pendant stand.
7. Classifier for walls. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
8. a surname

   姬申扶堵  ―  Jī Shēn Fú Dǔ  ―  (a verse from the Hundred Family Surnames)

• (to block up): 塞 (sāi)
• (to encounter):

• (classifier for walls):

堵

1. (～河) Zhe or Du River (river in Hubei Province, China)

• “堵”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

• Go-on: つ (tsu)
• Kan-on: と (to)
• Kun: かき (kaki, 堵)

堵 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

堵: Hán Nôm readings: đổ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

• Nom Foundation