蕭

See also: 萧 and 䔥

蕭	U+856D, 蕭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-856D

← 蕬
[U+856C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

蕮 →
[U+856E]

Translingual

Traditional	蕭
Shinjitai (extended)	䔥
Simplified	萧

Han character

蕭 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 廿中難 (TLX), four-corner 4422₇, composition ⿱艹肅)

Derived characters

𡣾, 𢑁, 𢸳, 瀟, 𧅣, 櫹, 𤑳, 𦢩, 𬘎, 蠨, 𧹀, 𩙚, 𩧓

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1059, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32012
Dae Jaweon: page 1522, character 15
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3308, character 12
Unihan data for U+856D

Chinese

trad.		蕭
simp.		萧
2nd round simp.		肖
alternative forms		䔥

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (肅) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
簫	*sɯːw
蕭	*sɯːw
瀟	*sɯːw
潚	sɯːw, sɯwɢ
彇	*sɯːw
蟰	sɯːw, sɯwɢ
橚	sɯːw, sɯwɢ
嘯	*sɯːwɢs
歗	*sɯːwɢs
熽	*sɯːwɢs
繡	*sɯwɢs
鏽	*sɯwɢs
肅	*sɯwɢ
鷫	*sɯwɢ
驌	*sɯwɢ
鱐	*sɯwɢ
璛	*sɯwɢ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): xiāo (xiao¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xiao¹
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): siu¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhiau¹
Gan (Wiktionary): xieu¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sêu

(Hailu, HRS): siau^ˋ

(Meixian, Guangdong): xiau¹
Jin (Wiktionary): xiau¹
Eastern Min (BUC): siĕu
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sieo¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sio / siau

(Teochew, Peng'im): siao¹ / siou¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹shiau
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): siau¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siao
  - Wade–Giles: hsiao¹
  - Yale: syāu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
  - Palladius: сяо (sjao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: xiao¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xiao
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiau⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: siu¹
  - Yale: sīu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: siu¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: xiu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːu̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhiau¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiau³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: xieu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɛu⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sêu
  - Hakka Romanization System: seu^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: seu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /seu̯²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: siau^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /siau⁵³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xiau¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕiau⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: xiau¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕiau¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: siĕu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sieu⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sieo¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sa̤u
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬieu⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sieo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬieu⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sio
  - Tâi-lô: sio
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sioy
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sio³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sio⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siau
  - Tâi-lô: siau
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siaw
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siau³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siau⁴⁴/

Note:

sio - vernacular;
siau - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: siao¹ / siou¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siau / siou
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /siau³³/, /siou³³/

Note:

siao1 - Shantou;
siou1 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹shiau
  - MiniDict: shiau^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹xiau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiɔ⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: siau¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /si̯ɒu̯³³/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ɕi̯ɒu̯³³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 蕭
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕiau⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕiau⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕiɑu²¹/
	Jinan	/ɕiɔ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/siɔ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/siau²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ɕiau²¹/
	Xining	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ɕiɔ³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/ɕiau⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕiau⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/ɕiao⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/siɔo³¹/
	Hefei	/ɕiɔ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕiau¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ɕiɔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕiɔ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɕiɔ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/siæ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ɕiɔ³³/
	Wenzhou	/ɕiɛ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/siɔ³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/siu¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/siau³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/siaɯ³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕiɛu⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/siau⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/seu²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/siu⁵³/
	Nanning	/ɬiu⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/siu⁵³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/siau⁵⁵/ /sio⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/sieu⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/siau⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/siau³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/siau²³/ /tiau²³/

Middle Chinese: sew

Rime
Character	蕭
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	蕭 (93)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	蘇彫切
Baxter	sew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/seu/
Pan Wuyun	/seu/
Shao Rongfen	/seu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɛw/
Li Rong	/seu/
Wang Li	/sieu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/sieu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	siu¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*sˤiw/

(Zhengzhang): /*sɯːw/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蕭	蕭
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiāo	xiāo
Middle Chinese	‹ sew ›	‹ sew ›
Old Chinese	/*sˁiw/	/*sˁiw/
English	Artemisia	蕭蕭 neighing of horses
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蕭
Reading #	1/1
No.	12114
Phonetic component	肅
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*sɯːw/

Definitions

蕭

(obsolete) Chinese mugwort (Artemisia argyi)
- 彼采蕭兮，一日不見，如三秋兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  彼采萧兮，一日不见，如三秋兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Bǐ cǎi xiāo xī, yīrì bù jiàn, rú sān qiū xī. [Pinyin]
  There he is gathering the oxtail-southern-wood!
  A day without seeing him,
  Is like three seasons!
stark; desolate; bleak
(obsolete) alternative form of 肅 / 肃 (“respectful”)
(～國) (historical) Xiao (an ancient state during the Spring and Autumn period, located in modern-day Xiao County, Anhui)
- 冬，楚子伐蕭，宋華椒以蔡人救蕭。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  冬，楚子伐萧，宋华椒以蔡人救萧。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Dōng, Chǔ zǐ fá Xiāo, Sòng Huà Jiāo yǐ Cài rén jiù Xiāo. [Pinyin]
  In winter the viscount of Chu invaded Xiao, which Hua Jiao of Song, with a body of men from Cai, endeavoured to relieve.
(～縣) Xiao County (a county of Anhui, China)
a surname
蕭颯／萧飒 ― Xiāo Sà ― Hsiao Sa (Taiwanese author)

Usage notes

The character 肖 is more commonly used in the simplified script instead of 萧, when used as a surname or in transcriptions.

Descendants

→ English: Hsiao, Xiao, Siu

Compounds

亂作蕭牆 / 乱作萧墙
刁蕭 / 刁萧
囊篋蕭然 / 囊箧萧然
四壁蕭條 / 四壁萧条
東坦蕭然 / 东坦萧然
環堵蕭然 / 环堵萧然
禍發蕭牆 / 祸发萧墙
禍稔蕭牆 / 祸稔萧墙
禍起蕭牆 / 祸起萧墙 (huòqǐxiāoqiáng)
經濟蕭條 / 经济萧条
蓼蕭 / 蓼萧
蕭史 / 萧史
蕭娘 / 萧娘
蕭寺 / 萧寺
蕭屑 / 萧屑
蕭山 / 萧山 (Xiāoshān)
蕭散 / 萧散
蕭曹 / 萧曹
蕭條 / 萧条 (xiāotiáo)
蕭森 / 萧森
蕭灑 / 萧洒 (xiāosǎ)
蕭然 / 萧然
蕭牆 / 萧墙 (xiāoqiáng)
蕭牆之禍 / 萧墙之祸
蕭牆禍起 / 萧墙祸起
蕭瑟 / 萧瑟 (xiāosè)
蕭疏 / 萧疏 (xiāoshū)
蕭索 / 萧索 (xiāosuǒ)
蕭艾 / 萧艾
蕭蔘 / 萧𦲞
蕭蕭 / 萧萧 (xiāoxiāo)
蕭薔 / 萧蔷
蕭行范篆
蕭規 / 萧规
蕭規曹隨 / 萧规曹随 (xiāoguīcáosuí)
蕭邦 / 萧邦 (Xiāobāng)
蕭郎 / 萧郎 (xiāoláng)
蕭關 / 萧关 (Xiāoguān)
蕭颯 / 萧飒
蕭齋 / 萧斋
蘭玉蕭條 / 兰玉萧条
蘭芷蕭艾 / 兰芷萧艾
變起蕭牆 / 变起萧墙 (biànqǐxiāoqiáng)
身後蕭條 / 身后萧条
釁發蕭牆 / 衅发萧墙
釁起蕭牆 / 衅起萧墙
風雨蕭條 / 风雨萧条
飄蕭 / 飘萧

Japanese

Shinjitai	䔥
Kyūjitai	蕭

Kanji

蕭

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 䔥)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
Kun: よもぎ (yomogi, 蕭)

Korean

Hanja

蕭 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

蕭: Hán Nôm readings: tiêu

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.