褐

褐	U+8910, 褐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8910

← 褏
[U+890F]

CJK Unified Ideographs

褑 →
[U+8911]

褐	U+FA60, 褐 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA60

← 著
[U+FA5F]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

視 →
[U+FA61]

Translingual

Han character

褐 (Kangxi radical 145, 衣+9 in Chinese, 衣+8 in Japanese, 14 strokes in Chinese, 13 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 中日心女 (LAPV), four-corner 3622₇, composition ⿰衤曷 or ⿰衤⿱日匂)

Derived characters

䕣

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1120, character 42
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34435
Dae Jaweon: page 1588, character 15
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3102, character 13
Unihan data for U+8910

Unihan data for U+FA60

Chinese

trad.		褐
simp. ^#		褐

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 褐
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Qin slip script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (曷) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
愒	kʰaːds, kʰrads, *kʰrad
馤	*qaːds
靄	qaːds, qaːd
餲	qraːds, qrads, ɡaːd, qaːd
喝	qraːds, qʰoːb, *qʰaːd
揭	kʰrads, ked, kʰrad, ɡrad, kad, ɡad
偈	ɡrads, ɡrad
猲	kʰob, qʰaːd, *qʰad
葛	*kaːd
輵	*kaːd
獦	klaːd, rab
渴	kʰaːd, ɡrad
嵑	*kʰaːd
暍	qʰaːd, qad
曷	*ɡaːd
褐	*ɡaːd
鶡	*ɡaːd
毼	*ɡaːd
蝎	*ɡaːd
鞨	ɡaːd, ɢljad
遏	*qaːd
齃	*qaːd
堨	*qaːd
擖	kʰreːd, kraːd, *r'aːb
楬	kʰraːd, ɡrad, *ɡad
朅	*kʰrad
藒	*kʰrad
竭	ɡrad, ɡad
碣	ɡrad, ɡad
羯	*kad
鍻	*kad
歇	*qʰad
蠍	*qʰad
謁	*qad

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hè, hé

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˋ, ㄏㄜˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hot³ / hot⁶
Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): hod⁵
Eastern Min (BUC): hăk
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ha̍t
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷eq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hè
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hè
  - Wade–Giles: ho⁴
  - Yale: hè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heh
  - Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hé
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hé
  - Wade–Giles: ho²
  - Yale: hé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: her
  - Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: hot³ / hot⁶
  - Yale: hot / hoht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hot⁸ / hot⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hod³ / hod⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːt̚³/, /hɔːt̚²/
Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: hod⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /hɔt̚¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hăk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haʔ⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ha̍t
  - Tâi-lô: ha̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hat
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hat̚⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁷eq
  - MiniDict: eh^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴eq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /əʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: hat

Rime
Character	褐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	曷 (63)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡葛切
Baxter	hat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɑt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦɑt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɑt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦat̚/
Li Rong	/ɣɑt̚/
Wang Li	/ɣɑt̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣɑt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hé
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hot⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ˤat/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːd/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	褐
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hè
Middle Chinese	‹ hat ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ˁat/
English	coarse cloth
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	褐
Reading #	1/1
No.	5031
Phonetic component	曷
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	曷
Old Chinese	/*ɡaːd/

Definitions

褐

Compounds

委褐
巾褐
布褐
短褐
短褐不全
短褐不完
茶褐
茶褐色 (cháhèsè)
衣褐懷寶 / 衣褐怀宝
被褐
被褐懷寶 / 被褐怀宝
被褐懷玉 / 被褐怀玉
被褐懷珠 / 被褐怀珠
被褐懷金 / 被褐怀金
被褐藏輝 / 被褐藏辉
裋褐
裘褐
褐土
褐夫
褐炭
褐煤 (hèméi)
褐矮星 (hè'ǎixīng)
褐色 (hèsè)
褐藻
褐藻膠 / 褐藻胶
褐衣疏食
褐袖
褐變 / 褐变
褐錳礦 / 褐锰矿
褐鐵礦 / 褐铁矿
褐飛蝨 / 褐飞虱
褐馬雞 / 褐马鸡 (hèmǎjī)
解褐
豎褐 / 竖褐
赤褐
赤褐色 (chìhèsè)
釋褐 / 释褐
馬褐 / 马褐
黃褐斑 / 黄褐斑 (huánghèbān)
黃褐色 / 黄褐色 (huánghèsè)

Descendants

⇒ Middle Chinese: 褐子 (hat.tsi^X)
- → Sogdian: 𐼘𐼄𐼈𐼊 (rɣzy /⁠raɣzi⁠/)
  - → Old Uyghur: 𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽻 (qʾrs /⁠ḳars⁠/)

References

“褐”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[3], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	褐
Kyūjitai ^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]	褐 `褐` or 褐+`︀`^?
	褐󠄁 褐+`󠄁`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	褐󠄃 褐+`󠄃`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

褐

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 褐)

coarse, rough fabric, especially of wool
poor
brown

Readings

Go-on: かち (kachi)^{←かち (kati, historical)}、がち (gachi)^{←がち (gati, historical)}
Kan-on: かつ (katsu, Jōyō)^{←かつ (katu, historical)}
Kan’yō-on: かちん (kachin)
Kun: ぬのこ (nunoko, 褐)

Compounds

褐(かち)色(いろ) (kachīro)
褐(かち)衣(え) (kachie)
褐(かち)冠(かぶり) (kachikaburi)
褐(かち)衣(ぎぬ) (kachiginu)
褐(かち)染(ぞ)め (kachizome)
褐(かち)布(ぬの) (kachinuno)
褐(かつ)色(いろ) (katsuiro)
褐(かつ)寛(かん)博(ぱく) (katsu-kanpaku)
褐(かっ)色(しょく) (kasshoku)
褐(かっ)藻(そう) (kassō)
褐(かっ)炭(たん) (kattan)
褐(かっ)鉄(てっ)鋼(こう) (kat-tekkō)
褐(かっ)斑(ぱん)病(びょう) (kappan-byō)
褐(かっ)変(ぺん) (kappen)
短(たん)褐(かつ) (tankatsu)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
褐
かつ Grade: S
kan'on

Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 褐 (MC hat).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かつ [káꜜtsù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[5]
IPA^(key): [ka̠t͡sɨ]

Noun

褐(かつ) • (katsu)

(archaic) dark navy blue
coarse woolen fabric
褐(かつ)を釈(と)く
katsu o toku
(of a private citizen) to serve
(literally, “to shed coarse clothes (and to put on full dress)”)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
褐
かち Grade: S
goon

Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 褐 (MC hat).

Noun

褐(かち) • (kachi)

(archaic) dark navy blue
coarse woolen fabric

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
褐
かちん Grade: S
kan'yōon

Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

Shift from kachi above.^[5]

Noun

褐(かちん) • (kachin)

synonym of 褐 (kachi)

References

^ “褐”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
^ 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “褐”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎^[2] (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1929 (paper), page 1016 (digital)
^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 1096 (paper), page 561 (digital)
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

褐 (eumhun 갈색 갈 (galsaek gal))

hanja form^? of 갈 (“brown”)

褐 (eumhun 굵은 갈 (gulgeun gal))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

褐: Hán Nôm readings: hạt

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[1] “褐”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

[2] 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “褐”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎^[2] (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN

[3] Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1929 (paper), page 1016 (digital)

[4] Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 1096 (paper), page 561 (digital)

[DJR-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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