碰

碰 U+78B0, 碰
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-78B0
← 碯
[U+78AF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 碱 →
[U+78B1]

Translingual

Han character

碰 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一口廿廿金 (MRTTC), four-corner 18612, composition ⿰石並)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 832, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24360
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2440, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+78B0

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 碰
alternative forms 掽
踫
磅 (pōng) Hokkien

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声): semantic 石 (“rock”) + phonetic 並.

Etymology

Appears in Zihui [Ming dynasty] as 掽, but only attested in literary works since Qing dynasty. Probably a recent colloquial form of 逢 (MC bjowng) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Note: phóng - used only in mahjong.
Note: 5phan - used primarily in mahjong.
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: pong4
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /pʰʊŋ⁴⁵/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /pʰən⁴⁵/

Definitions

碰

  1. to collide; to bump; to knock; to touch
  2. to meet by chance; to bump into; to come across
  3. to test out; to try one's luck
  4. to offend; to provoke
  5. (mahjong) to form a pung

Usage notes

  • When playing mahjong, a player may say this word as a call when forming a pung off another player's discard

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 遇 (“to encounter”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 遇, 碰, 遭
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 遇, 碰
Malaysia 遇, 碰
Singapore 遇, 碰
Cantonese Guangzhou 遇, 撞
Hong Kong 遇, 撞
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 遇, 撞
Singapore (Guangfu) 遇
Hakka Meixian 遇, 撞
Southern Min Xiamen 拄, 撞, 衝, 磅
Quanzhou 拄, 撞, 衝
Zhangzhou 拄, 衝
Tainan 拄, 撞, 磅
Penang (Hokkien) 拄
Singapore (Hokkien) 拄
Manila (Hokkien) 拄, 遇
Chaozhou 遇, 堵
Shantou 遇
Jieyang 遇, 堵
Singapore (Teochew) 堵
Wu Shanghai 碰

Descendants

  • → English: pung, pong
  • → Japanese: 碰(ポン) (pon)
  • → Tagalog: pong

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

碰

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. collide, bump into

Readings

  • Kan’yō-on: ほう (hō)
  • Kun: ぶつかる (butsukaru, 碰かる)、ぶつける (butsukeru, 碰ける)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
碰
ポン
Hyōgai
irregular

Borrowed from Mandarin 碰 (pèng).[1][2][3]

Compare Cantonese 碰 (pung3), Hokkien 碰 (phòng).

Pronunciation

Noun

碰(ポン) • (pon) 

  1. (mahjong) a call for a 明刻 (minkō, “open triplet”) from a discarded tile, compare English pung

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

  • 双(シャン)碰(ポン) (shanpon): two-sided wait pattern, winning tile may form a triplet with one or the other pair

See also

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Vietnamese

Han character

碰: Hán Nôm readings: bánh, bính

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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